人工细胞的构筑及生物医学应用

doi:10.11896/cldb.24080236

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Abstract Artificial cells are synthetic microstructures engineered to replicate the structural and functional characteristics of living cells. These cell-like constructs have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential to enhance our understanding of the origins of life and their application in the development of biologically active materials. Consequently, they have become a focal point in interdisciplinary research across materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine. The methods for constructing artificial cells can be broadly categorized into two main approaches, i.e. bottom-up and top-down, based on the scale of construction. These two methods have their own characteristics and complement each other. Among them, bottom-up approach, which involves the self-assembly of molecular components into larger, cell-like structures, offers a wide range of options for selecting building blocks. This flexibility allows for the tailoring of functionalities that are consistent with the properties of the chosen biomaterials, thereby unlocking numerous potential applications in biomedicine due to the inherent biocompatibility of these building blocks. This review focuses on reported models of artificial cells constructed by various methods, encompassing a diverse array of biomolecular building blocks, including lipid and phospholipid-based structures (such as liposomes and giant unilamellar vesicles), polysaccharide-based structures (polysaccharidosomes), protein-based structures (proteinosomes), polymer-based structures (polymersomes), and colloidal particle-based structures (colloidosomes). Additionally, the current applications of these artificial cells are also explored, highlighting their roles as biological carriers, micro-reactors, biosensors, and signal regulators, with a particular emphasis on their use in medical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions.

Key words： artificial cell vesicle biomedical application diagnosis and treatment

Published: 10 March 2025 Online: 2025-03-18

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TB34

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	LI Jiaqi
	DOU Hongjing

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LI Jiaqi,DOU Hongjing. Construction of Artificial Cells and Their Biomedical Application[J]. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(5): 24080236-13.

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https://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.24080236 OR https://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2025/V39/I5/24080236

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