| POLYMERS AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Research Progress on the Removal of Nitrate from Water by Environmental Materials |
| WANG Lina1, WANG Zhen1,*, ZHANG Fengju1, CHEN Lirong1, ZHANG Chengyan2
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1 College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China |
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Abstract Nitrate pollution in water bodies has been a global concern, threatening human health and ecosystem security. Ion exchange, membrane technology, electrochemical reduction, metal reduction, biological denitrification, and other methods have been widely used to address nitrate pollution in water bodies. In the application of each technology, environmental materials play a crucial role. The materials reviewed in this summary included reverse osmosis membranes, ion exchange membranes, adsorbent materials, ion exchange resins, electrodes, metal nanomaterials, catalysts, and electron donor materials, among others. Firstly, the mechanisms and influencing factors of nitrate removal in various methods were introduced. The application of representative environmental materials in these methods was summarized, with an emphasis on the role of each modified material in nitrate removal and how material improvements enhance efficiency. The excellent performance of each modified material in nitrate removal was described, along with the mechanisms of efficiency enhancement and the key factors for improving nitrate removal efficiency. Finally, the functional materials used in the four categories of methods were summarized, compared, and analyzed. The challenges associated with environmental materials for nitrate pollution remediation, such as low adsorption selectivity, difficulty in controlling product selecti-vity, secondary pollution, and catalyst deactivation were also discussed. Future research directions were proposed to provide references for the remediation of nitrate pollution in water bodies.
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Published: 25 December 2025
Online: 2025-12-17
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2025, Vol. 39 
