| POLYMERS AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Advances in Research of Wood Surface Color Modification |
| QIN Chunhua1,†, BAO Yunhui2,†, WANG Chaochun3,4, WANG Shanshan5, WANG Wei1,*
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1 College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
4 Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
5 College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
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Abstract As a renewable biomass resource with excellent physical and mechanical properties, wood has been widely used in construction, furniture, and decoration. The surface color of wood is influenced by the synergistic effects of its chemical components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) and its physical structure (such as pore distribution, fiber arrangement, and surface roughness). The phenylpropane conjugate system in lignin plays a key role in producing the warm tones of wood through light absorption. The pyrolysis and oxidation of cellulose and hemicellulose generate carbonyl groups and conjugated chromophores, which cause wood yellowing and browning. Additionally, wood’s multilayered pore structure and fiber orientation affect its brightness and saturation by modulating light scattering and refraction patterns. Wood’s surface color and texture significantly contribute to its natural aesthetic appeal. The color and texture of rare woods are highly valued, but their high cost and limited availability restrict their broader use in wood material decoration. Therefore, modifying the surface color of common wood to enhance its decorative effect is of great importance. This approach not only makes wood more attractive but also supports the “excellent use of inferior wood.” Recent research on wood surface color modification, focuses on the effects of heat treatment, bleaching, dyeing, and finishing on the surface color and texture of wood. It explores how heat treatment causes changes in the wood’s surface color under various light, temperature, and external factors, along with the mechanisms behind these changes. The chemical and biological processes used in bleaching affect the natural color in wood and result in changes to the wood’s surface color and chemical composition. This work also examines the environmental impact of bleac-hing technologies. The diversification in wood color during dyeing treatment, caused by the interactions between dye molecules and wood fibers, is another trend covered. Additionally, the influence of finishing technologies on wood’s appearance, durability, and aging resistance is discussed. Finally the paper addresses future development trends in wood surface color finishing technologies, proposes directions for wood surface finishing from the perspectives of widespread application and environmental sustainability aiming at laying a solid foundation for the efficient, high-value utilization of biomass resources.
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Published:
Online: 2026-04-16
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2026, Vol. 40 
