| POLYMERS AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Solar-driven Polydopamine/TiN/Bentonite Composite Sponge for Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Crude Oil Adsorption |
| TANG Xianglong1, XU Yaxin2, YANG Yuxin1, WEI Xiaoyan2, LIU Kun1,*, HU Ya2, WANG Zhongkai3, PAN Zhengxian3, ZHANG Hanbing1, TONG Zhangfa2
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1 School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2 Guangxi Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Enhancement Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
3 Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection, Nanning 530022, China |
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Abstract The advancement of integrated crude oil adsorption-enrichment systems capable of concurrent oil-water separation and waste oil recovery constitutes a critical technological approach for marine oil spill mitigation. Nevertheless, the characteristically high viscosity of crude oil imposes substantial limitations on adsorption dynamics and mass transfer efficiency. This investigation developed a multifunctional PBTM photothermal sponge through multi-component synergy, employing a layer-by-layer impregnation strategy to immobilize titanium nitride (TiN)/bentonite (BT) composites onto a three-dimensional melamine sponge (MS) framework using polydopamine (PDA) as interfacial binder. Systematic characte-rization confirmed PDA’s dual functionality in securing BT/TiN particles to the MS matrix while enhancing surface roughness through interfacial adhesion. The complementary photothermal mechanisms of PDA (molecular lattice vibrations) and TiN (localized surface plasmon resonance) synergistically broadened optical absorption spectra, thereby optimizing photothermal conversion performance. BT incorporation leveraged its inherent high specific surface area and lamellar architecture to simultaneously provide additional dispersion/adorption sites, suppress TiN nanoparticle aggregation, and reinforce structural stability. The hydrophobically engineered PBTM demonstrated a water contact angle of 143.8° and maintained structural integrity through 20 compression cycles at 80% strain. Under 1-sun irradiation, rapid surface heating to 81.2 ℃ within 60 seconds reduced crude oil viscosity from 132.6 mPa·s to 4.4 mPa·s, enabling 30-second oil-water separation with an adsorption capacity of 65.9 g/g. This enhanced performance originates from the coordinated interplay of optimized hydrophobicity, efficient photothermal conversion, directional heat transfer, and hierarchical porosity achieved through rational multi-component integration. The findings establish fundamental principles and practical methodologies for developing photothermal remediation materials targeting oil spill management.
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Published:
Online: 2026-04-16
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2026, Vol. 40 
