| METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
|
|
|
|
|
| Technological Advances in Extracting Magnesium from Magnesium-bearing Minerals |
| WU Shuji2,3,4, TIAN Yang1,2,3,4,*, XU Baoqiang1,2,3,4, YANG Bin1,2,3,4, MA Tingzhuang3,4, YU Haosong2,3,4
|
1 Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
3 National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
4 Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Magnesium-based materials are widely used in automobiles, hydrogen storage materials, electronic products and other fields due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. With the rapid growth of the magnesium-based material consumption market, the development of the magnesium metal production industry will further increase the importance of the entire magnesium-based material market. At present, the main industrial production process of metal magnesium in China is Pidgeon process, but its disadvantages of high production cost and the impact of waste discharge on the environment are becoming more and more prominent. So the mechanism research and improvement of Pidgeon process and the magnesium smelting process using other magnesium-containing minerals have always been the hotspots by scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, the magnesium smelting process with magnesium-containing minerals including dolomite, magnesite, serpentine, bischofite, carnallite and salt lake brine as raw materials is summarized. The reaction mechanism and latest research progress of different raw materials and different processes are systematically reviewed. The future research directions of different production processes are prospected.
|
|
Published: 10 August 2025
Online: 2025-08-13
|
|
|
|
|
1 Zhang Y, Femg X H, Huang Q Y, et al. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2023, 33(2), 409.
2 Sankaranarayanan S, Gupta M. Materials Today:Proceedings, 2021, 39(1), 311.
3 Liang X. Equipment Manufacturing Technology, 2024(1), 161(in Chinese).
梁星. 装备制造技术, 2024(1), 161.
4 Wu X Y. Modern Mining, 2023, 39(9), 33(in Chinese).
吴晓阳. 现代矿业, 2023, 39(9), 33.
5 Wang X C. World Nonferrous Metals, 2022(24), 151(in Chinese).
王辛成. 世界有色金属, 2022(24), 151.
6 Tu P T. Wall Materials Innovation & Energy Saving in Buildings, 2018(9), 47(in Chinese).
涂平涛. 墙材革新与建筑节能, 2018(9), 47.
7 Chen W, Xiao X Y, Zhang L Q, et al. Construction Science and Technology, 2022(19), 8(in Chinese).
陈伟, 肖学英, 张澜沁, 等. 建设科技, 2022(19), 8.
8 Shi K K, Liu M Z, Zhao Q, et al. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9), 4731(in Chinese).
史柯柯, 刘木子, 赵强, 等. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9), 4731.
9 中国有色金属工业协会镁业分会. 关于发布2023年全球原镁, 中国原镁、镁合金、镁粉产量的通报. http:∥www. chinamagnesium. org.
10 Land and Resources Information Center. World mineral resources annual review 2016 edition, University of Geosciences Press, China, 2016(in Chinese).
国土资源部信息中心. 世界矿产资源年评2016版, 中国地质大学出版社, 2016.
11 Xu R Y. Magnesium metallurgy, Metallurgical Industry Press, China, 1981, pp. 14(in Chinese).
徐日瑶. 镁冶金学, 冶金工业出版社, 1981, pp. 14.
12 Guo R X. Inorganic Chemical Industry, 2012, 44(10), 1(in Chinese).
郭如新. 无机盐工业, 2012, 44(10), 1.
13 Sekar P, Narendranath S, Desai V. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2021, 9(4), 1147.
14 Gupt P, De A. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2016, 2(3), 3221.
15 Che Y S, Li Y Z, Song J X, et al. World Nonferrous Metals, 2021(16), 5 (in Chinese).
车玉思, 李玉哲, 宋建勋, 等. 世界有色金属, 2021(16), 5.
16 Toguri J M, Pidgeon L M. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1961, 39(3), 540.
17 Toguri J M, Pidgeon L M. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1962, 40(9), 1769.
18 Fu D, Ji Z, Guo J, et al. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020, 9(3), 4379.
19 Xu J, Liu J, Zhao Y, et al. Ceramics International, 2024, 50(9), 14830.
20 Xu R Y, Liu R Y, Liu H Z. Light Metals, 2009, 49(1), 45 (in Chinese).
徐日瑶, 刘荣义, 刘宏专. 轻金属, 2009, 49(1), 45.
21 Xu R Y. Silicon thermal process of magnesium production technology, Central South University Press, Changsha, China, 2003, pp.126(in Chinese).
徐日瑶. 硅热法炼镁生产工艺, 中南大学出版社, 2003, pp. 126.
22 Zhang C, Song J X, Che Y S, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2021, 31(5), 1347(in Chinese).
张超, 宋建勋, 车玉思, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2021, 31(5), 1347.
23 Jiang H X, Zhao Q Q, Guo H, et al. Journal of Chongqing University (Natural Science Edition), 2006, 29(9), 64(in Chinese).
蒋汉祥, 赵奇强, 郭红, 等. 重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 29(9), 64.
24 Tang Q F. Study on new technology of high silica dolomite smelting reduction magnesium smelting. Ph. D. Thesis, Chongqing University, China, 2012.
唐祁峰. 高硅白云石熔融还原炼镁新技术研究. 博士学位论文, 重庆大学, 2012.
25 Sun X L, Liang W Y, Zhang F X, et al. Light Metals, 2021(2), 40(in Chinese).
孙晓林, 梁文玉, 张富信, 等. 轻金属, 2021(2), 40.
26 Hu W X, Liu J, Feng N X. Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy, 2010, 26(4), 39(in Chinese).
胡文鑫, 刘建, 冯乃祥. 有色矿冶, 2010, 26(4), 39.
27 Xu X B, Luo X Y, Li C Y. Light Metals, 2009(7), 49 (in Chinese).
徐祥斌, 罗序燕, 李长勇. 轻金属, 2009(7), 49.
28 Feng X N, Fang H J, Deng H, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2024, 34(3), 899 (in Chinese).
冯雪楠, 方华靖, 邓浩, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2024, 34(3), 899.
29 You J, Wang Y W. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2019, 19(3), 560(in Chinese).
尤晶, 王耀武. 过程工程学报, 2019, 19(3), 560.
30 Wen M, Zhang T A, Dou Z H, et al. Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, 2014, 34(11), 1242 (in Chinese).
文明, 张廷安, 豆志河, 等. 真空科学与技术学报, 2014, 34(11), 1242.
31 Zheng R, Yang B, Wang A, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2023, 33(7), 2347(in Chinese).
郑芮, 杨博, 王安, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2023, 33(7), 2347.
32 Zhang C, Chu H, Gu M, et al. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 135, 454.
33 Che Y, Hao Z, Zhu J, et al. Thermochimica Acta, 2019, 681, 178397.
34 Zhang C, Yan W, Che Y, et al. Energy Reports, 2022(8), 6999.
35 Hu W X, Feng N X, Wang Y W, et al. Magnesium Technology, 2011, 2011, 43.
36 Wang Y W, Di Y Z, You J, et al. Vacuum, 2022, 59(4), 64(in Chinese).
王耀武, 狄跃忠, 尤晶, 等. 真空, 2022, 59(4), 64.
37 Deng P. Study on the reaction mechanism of preparing magnesium metal by aluminothermic reduction of magnesium oxide. Master's Thesis, China University of Geosciences Beijing, China, 2014 (in Chinese).
邓鹏. 铝热还原氧化镁制备金属镁的反应机理研究. 硕士学位论文, 中国地质大学(北京), 2014.
38 Gao F, Feng N, Peng J. Non-Ferrous Mineral and Metallurgy, 2009, 25, 33.
39 Zhang T, Du S, Sun W. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 48, 488.
40 Zhang T, Wang M, Niu L B, et al. Non-ferrous Mining, 2020, 36(4), 40(in Chinese).
张腾, 王苗, 牛立斌, 等. 有色矿冶, 2020, 36(4), 40.
41 You J, Wang Y W, Deng X Z, et al. Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, 2016, 36(4), 436(in Chinese).
尤晶, 王耀武, 邓信忠, 等. 真空科学与技术学报, 2016, 36(4), 436.
42 Dai Y N, Yang B. Vacuum metallurgy of nonferrous metal materials, Me-tallurgical Industry, China, 2000, pp. 294(in Chinese).
戴永年, 杨斌. 有色金属材料的真空冶金, 冶金工业出版社, 2000, pp. 294.
43 Xiao Y Q, Gao Y P, Yang Y, et al. Environmental Engineering, 2018, 36(11), 147.
44 Rongti L, Wei P, Sano M. Metallurgical & Materials Transactions B, 2003, 34(4), 433.
45 Coray A, Jovanovic Z R. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering, 2019, 4(5), 939.
46 Tian Y, Xu B Q, Yang C B, et al. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2014, 45, 1936.
47 Tian Y. Basic theory and experimental research on magnesia carbothermal reduction in vacuum. Ph. D. Thesis, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China, 2012.
田阳. 氧化镁真空碳热还原法炼镁基础理论与实验研究. 博士学位论文, 昆明理工大学, 2012.
48 Chubukov B A, Palumbo A W, Rowe S C, et al. Thermochimica Acta, 2016, 636, 23.
49 Hu F P, Pan J, Ma X, et al. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2013, 1(3), 263.
50 Najafabadi H A, Ozalp N, Epstein M, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59(33), 14717.
51 Jiang Y, Ma H W, Liu Y Q. Advances in Materials and Materials Processing, 2013, 2552, 652.
52 Tang Q, Gao J, Chen X. Light Metals, 2014, 8, 46.
53 Jiang Y, Liu Y Q, Ma H W. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47, 837.
54 Tian Y, Qu T, Yang B. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2012, 43, 657.
55 Xiong N, Tian Y, Chen X, et al. The Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 2019, 71(8), 2791.
56 Prentice L H, Nagle M W, Barton T R D, et al. Essential readings in magnesium technology. Springer Cham, US, 2014, pp. 127.
57 Yang C B, Tian Y, Qu T, et al. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2014, 2(1), 50.
58 Hischier I, Chubukov B A, Wallace M A, et al. Solar Energy, 2016, 139, 389.
59 Yang F, Yu W Z, Rao Z T, et al. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 317, 115424.
60 Yang F, Yu W Z, Wen J L, et al. Journal of Environmental Management, 2023, 338, 117829.
61 Yang F, Yu W, Wang W, et al. Separation and Purification Technology, 2024, 332, 125798.
62 Xie W D, Li Z N, Dang C M, et al. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2012, 36(1), 1(in Chinese).
谢卫东, 李兆楠, 党春梅, 等. 稀有金属, 2012, 36(1), 1.
63 Gallurci K, Panlini F, Felice L D, et al. Horse and Rider, 2007, 7(5), 1.
64 Chen J, Hu F P, Pan J, et al. Rare Metal, 2014, 38(2), 6(in Chinese).
陈杰, 胡发平, 潘佳, 等. 稀有金属, 2014, 38(2), 6.
65 Chen Y, Tang Y D, Long L K, et al. Hydroenergy Technical Economy, 2016(2), 3(in Chinese).
陈毅, 唐永东, 隆良奎, 等. 水能经济, 2016(2), 3.
66 Najafabadi H A, Ozalp N, Epstein M, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019, 58(51), 23540.
67 Wang X, Zang J C, He J H. Materials Science Forum, 2005, 488, 43.
68 Hou Q D, Luo X D, Li M T, et al. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2021, 18(3), 765.
69 Tian L, Tahmaseb A, Yu J. Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, 2014, 118(3), 1577.
70 He Y, Jiang M. Refractories & Lime, 2012, 37(3), 25.
71 Dong Q G, Bai Y, Wu Q F, et al. Non-Metallic Mines, 2018, 41(3), 100(in Chinese).
董庆国, 白阳, 吴清峰, 等. 非金属矿, 2018, 41(3), 100.
72 Qian G. China Metal Bulletin, 2020(1), 49(in Chinese).
钱刚. 中国金属通报, 2020(1), 49.
73 Yang B, Wang D H, Cao S H, et al. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2020, 578, 290.
74 Wu Y. Light Metals, 2016(7), 39(in Chinese).
吴永. 轻金属, 2016(7), 39.
75 Wada Y, Fujii S, Suzuki E, et al. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7, 46512.
76 Wang Y B, Shen Y S, Zhu S M. Environmental Engineering, 2008, 26(1), 256(in Chinese).
汪远波, 沈岳松, 祝社民. 环境工程, 2008, 26(1), 256.
77 Zhang J J, Tan H B, He X Y, et al. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 249(17), 118763.
78 Li C, Sun C Y, Wang Y L, et al. International Journal of Minerals, Me-tallurgy and Materials, 2020, 27(4), 432.
79 Ji Z H, Han J B, Guo J H, et al. Journal of Materials and Metallurgy, 2021, 20(1), 7(in Chinese).
冀宗辉, 韩继标, 郭军华, 等. 材料与冶金学报, 2021, 20(1), 7.
80 张廷安, 豆志河, 张子木, 等. 中国专利, CN104120282B, 2015.
81 Guo J H, Fu D X, Han J B, et al. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy Section B, 2022, 58(1), 19.
82 Tian Y, Liu H X, Yang B, et al. Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, 2012, 32(9), 814.
83 Han J, Fu D, Guo J, et al. Vacuum, 2021, 189, 110227.
84 Wang Y W, You J, Peng J P, et al. Journal of Metals, 2016, 68(6), 1728.
85 Fu D, Wang Y, Peng J. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2014, 24, 2677.
86 Tian Y, Wang L, Yang B, et al. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2022, 10(3), 697.
87 Pei H B, Xu B Q, Li Y F, et al. Light Metals, 2010(1), 46(in Chinese).
裴红彬, 徐宝强, 李一夫, 等. 轻金属, 2010(1), 46.
88 Li Y F, Dai Y N, Yang B, et al. Light Metals, 2011(9), 6(in Chinese).
李一夫, 戴永年, 杨斌, 等. 轻金属, 2011(9), 6.
89 Huang P W, Li Z, Chen M, et al. Applied Clay Science, 2017, 149, 1.
90 Sun J Z, Wen J K, Chen B W, et al. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2019, 26(9), 1069.
91 Zhu P, Wang L Y, Hong D, et al. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2012, 104-105, 31.
92 Dlugogorski B Z, Balucan R D. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014(12), 353.
93 Eksteen J J, Oraby E A, Nguyen V. Minerals Engineering, 2020, 145, 106073.
94 Yang X Y, Gao L Y, Wu Y L, et al. Metals, 2022, 12(2), 318.
95 Park A H A, Jadhav R, Fan L S. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2003, 81(3-4), 885.
96 Gao W C, Wen J K, Li Z B. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(19), 7947.
97 Batchelor A R, Buttress A J, Jones D A, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2018, 111(1), 5.
98 Peng X Y, Liu W G, Liu W B, et al. Hydrometallurgy, 2021, 201, 105571.
99 苑占永, 李启轩, 钟少燕, 等. 中国专利, CN101560603, 2009.
100 Zhong S Y, Jiang M F, Xu H T. Advanced Materials Research, 2011, 347-353, 1180.
101 Lu H M, Wu G Z. Magnesium Technology, 2018, 7, 145.
102 Tan S L. Journal of Salt Science and Chemical Industry, 2017, 46(8), 1 (in Chinese).
谭生禄. 盐科学与化工, 2017, 46(8), 1.
103 Che Y S, Du S M, Song J X, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2022, 32(6), 1719 (in Chinese).
车玉思, 杜胜敏, 宋建勋, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2022, 32(6), 1719.
104 Che Y L. World Nonferrous Metals, 2022(17), 13 (in Chinese).
车永林. 世界有色金属, 2022(17), 13.
105 Li P Y. Light Metals, 2023(10), 45 (in Chinese).
李鹏业. 轻金属, 2023(10), 45.
106 Ma F L, Li P Y, Qi C Q, et al. World Nonferrous Metals, 2020(7), 2 (in Chinese).
马芬兰, 李鹏业, 齐春全, 等. 世界有色金属, 2020(7), 2.
107 Zhang X L, Li J M. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2021(23), 25 (in Chinese).
张晓龙, 李积满. 化工管理, 2021(23), 25.
108 Zhang Q A, Yang H W, Cheng P. China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality, 2024, 44(1), 138(in Chinese).
张青安, 杨红武, 程鹏. 中国石油和化工标准与质量, 2024, 44(1), 138.
109 Wang Y F. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2017(14), 35(in Chinese).
王永芳. 化工管理, 2017(14), 35.
110 Zhang Y Y, Shi Z L, Zhao W, et al. Journal of Salt and Chemical Industry, 2012, 41(1), 26(in Chinese).
张义勇, 史忠录, 赵玮, 等. 盐业与化工, 2012, 41(1), 26.
111 Xiong J Q, Zhang Y, Zhu J G. Inorgani Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(8), 44(in Chinese).
熊家晴, 张宇, 朱俊国. 无机盐工业, 2021, 53(8), 44.
112 Pramanik B K, Nghiem L D, Hai F I. Water Research, 2020, 168, 115149.
113 Sun Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, et al. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 256, 117807.
114 Sun X S, Wang X Z, Wan Y L, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 452(4), 139610.
115 Kitada A, Kang Y, Uchimoto Y, et al. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(3), 102.
116 Wang L Y, Guo Q J, Lee M S. Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 210, 292.
117 龙光明, 何志, 贾优良, 等. 中国专利, CN101338380, 2024.
118 龙光明, 何志, 贾优良, 等. 中国专利, CN101698907, 2024.
119 Qi M X, Tang H X, Wang S X, et al. Non-Ferrous Metals, 2016(4), 28.
祁米香, 唐宏学, 王树轩, 等. 有色金属, 2016(4), 28. |
| No related articles found! |
|
|
|
|
渝公网安备50019002502923号 © Editorial Office of Materials Reports.
2025, Vol. 39 
