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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (6): 24070165-9    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24070165
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
脱木质素处理对杨木、巴沙木和泡桐吸湿性能的影响
李哲宇, 刘文静, 赵芝弘, 张明辉*
内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,呼和浩特 010018
The Impact of Delignification Treatment on the Moisture Absorption Properties of Poplar,Balsa,and Paulownia Wood
LI Zheyu, LIU Wenjing, ZHAO Zhihong, ZHANG Minghui*
College of Materials Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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摘要 随着全球水资源的日益紧张,开发新型高效的空气取水材料成为解决水源短缺问题的关键。木材作为一种环境友好型材料,因其天然的多孔结构和良好的吸湿性能,被认为是制备空气取水材料的理想基材。本研究旨在通过脱木质素处理,提高木材的吸湿性能,以筛选出最适合作为空气取水材料的基材,并对木基空气取水材料的基材进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等综合分析。研究表明:(1)脱木质素巴沙木(DWB18h)试件的吸湿量最大,达到1.25 g/g,与脱木质素泡桐(DWP12h)试件吸湿量相差不大。但是DWP12h试件的吸湿容量最高,为1.89 g/g,明显高于其他材料。这表明泡桐在吸湿性能上具有优势,适合作为空气取水材料的基材。(2)通过脱木质素处理,泡桐的细胞壁厚度显著减小,孔径、孔体积和比表面积显著增加,为空气取水材料提供了更多的结合位点。同时,脱木质素处理有效地去除了部分半纤维素和木质素,保留了纤维素的基本结构,使得纤维素中的羟基(-OH)更多地暴露,提供了更多的亲水基团。本研究的发现为开发高吸湿性的木基材料提供了理论基础,并为空气取水材料的基材选择提供了科学依据。
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李哲宇
刘文静
赵芝弘
张明辉
关键词:  杨木  泡桐  巴沙木  脱木质素处理  吸湿处理  空气取水    
Abstract: As global water resources become increasingly scarce, the development of new, highly efficient water-harvesting materials from air is key to addressing water shortages. Wood, as an environmentally friendly material, is considered an ideal substrate for preparing air-water harvesting materials due to its natural porous structure and excellent hygroscopic properties. This study aims to improve the hygroscopic performance of wood through delignification treatment to select the most suitable substrate for air-water harvesting materials. The substrates for air-water harvesting materials were comprehensively analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The study indicates:ⅰ) The delignified balsa(DWB18h) specimen has the highest water uptake, reaching 1.25 g/g, which is similar to that of the delignified paulownia(DWP12h) specimen. However, the DWP12h specimen has the highest water uptake capacity, at 1.89 g/g, significantly higher than other materials. This suggests that paulownia has advantages in hygroscopic performance and is suitable as a substrate for air-water harvesting materials. ⅱ) Through delignification treatment, the cell wall thickness of paulownia was significantly reduced, while the pore size, pore volume, and specific surface area were significantly increased, providing more binding sites for air-water harvesting materials. At the same time, the treatment effectively removed part of the hemicellulose and lignin, preserving the basic structure of cellulose, which allowed the hydroxyl groups(-OH) in the cellulose to be more extensively exposed, providing more hydrophilic groups. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of highly hygroscopic wood-based materials and offer a scientific basis for the selection of substrates for air-water harvesting materials.
Key words:  poplar    paulownia    balsa    delignification    moisture absorption treatment    atmospheric water harvesting
出版日期:  2026-03-25      发布日期:  2026-04-03
ZTFLH:  TQ3451.8  
基金资助: 内蒙古农业大学硕士研究生科研创新项目;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2023MS03027);国家自然科学基金(31860185;31160141)
通讯作者:  *张明辉,博士,内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院教授、博士研究生导师。从事木材物理学、时域核磁共振技术在木材科学中的应用研究、木基功能/智能材料的开发以及与木质材料相关的交叉领域研究等。zhangminghui@imau.edu.cn   
作者简介:  李哲宇,内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院硕士研究生,主要从事空气取水材料的性能研究。
引用本文:    
李哲宇, 刘文静, 赵芝弘, 张明辉. 脱木质素处理对杨木、巴沙木和泡桐吸湿性能的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(6): 24070165-9.
LI Zheyu, LIU Wenjing, ZHAO Zhihong, ZHANG Minghui. The Impact of Delignification Treatment on the Moisture Absorption Properties of Poplar,Balsa,and Paulownia Wood. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(6): 24070165-9.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24070165  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I6/24070165
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