Enzyme-induced Reactive Magnesium Oxide Carbonation for Fluidized Solidified Soil
JI Yuyang1,2, REN Guanzhou1,2, JU Peng1,2, FAN Henghui1,2,*
1 College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; 2 Institute of Geotechnical Engineering/Museum of Problematic Rock and Soil, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
Abstract: In road and slope reinforcement projects in the Loess Plateau, irregular spaces and significant backfill depths often require the use of flowable fill technology. However, conventional flowable fill materials are typically associated with high energy consumption and substantial environmental impacts. This work explored an environmentally friendly fluidized solidified soil technique based on enzyme-induced magnesium carbonate (EIMC) carbonation, through adjusting its components, urea concentration, and water-to-solid ratio. Then, physical, chemical, mechanical, and microscopic tests were performed. The results show that the water-to-solid ratio and urea concentration in the bio-cementation slurry are positively correlated with flowability. The highest unconfined compressive strength of the cured samples reached 2.2 MPa, with 90% of the 28-day strength achieved after 14 days of curing. Based on the inverse correlation between compressive strength and flowability, the optimal water-to-solid ratios and urea concentrations for general and irregular space filling requirements are determined to be 0.48 (1 mol/L) and 0.52 (2 mol/L), respectively. Mineralogical and microstructural analyses reveal that the networked structure of magnesium carbonate binds numerous soil particles, forming a dense structure, which serves as the primary source of short-term strength in active magnesium carbonation. The outstanding perfor-mance and environmental benefits of EIMC fluidized solidified soil provide a sustainable solution for backfilling narrow spaces and reusing construction waste soil.
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2026, Vol. 40 
