Preparation of K2O-PbO-SiO2 Ancient Glass and the Effect of Composition on Its Microstructure and Properties
ZHAO Ting, ZHAI Jiahao, ZHU Jianfeng, QIN Yi*
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization of Inorganic Materials, Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Underground Cultural Relics Protection, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Abstract: Glass compositions with varying m(SiO2)/m(CaO+CaF2) ratios were designed using potassium carbonate (K2CO3), lead tetraoxide (Pb3O4), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) as the primary raw materials, copper oxide (CuO) as the colorant, and calcium fluoride (CaF2) as the flux. The replica of ancient glass of the K2O-PbO-SiO2 system has been successfully realized by the melt-cast molding method. On this basis, the influence of CaF2 content on the physical phase composition, network structure, microscopic morphology, chromaticity, and microhardness of the ancient glass of this system was investigated under a constant m(SiO2)/m(CaO+CaF2) ratio, and the mechanism of the role of CaF2 in the ancient glass was elucidated. The results show that the replica glass is closest to the ancient glass when the m(SiO2)/m(CaO+CaF2) ratio is 4.252. At this case, when the CaF2 content is less than 6%, CaF2 acts as a flux, and the glass is transparent and dark blue, and when the CaF2 content is greater than 6%, the Si-O bond is destroyed, the chemical stability of the glass system decreases, the number of nuc-leation sites increases, and fine CaF2 crystals are precipitated, and the glass transmittance decreases, at this time the glass is greenish; Its hardness decreases slightly with the increase of CaF2 content, from 5.0 GPa to 4.25 GPa. Combined with the requirements of excellent light shading property, appearance color, and suitable hardness, the optimal CaF2 content is 6%. The findings are of great theoretical and practical significance for the scientific knowledge of the K2O-PbO-SiO2 system ancient glass and subsequent conservation and restoration.
赵婷, 翟佳豪, 朱建锋, 秦毅. K2O-PbO-SiO2系古玻璃的复仿制及组成对玻璃结构和性能的影响研究[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(24): 24120088-7.
ZHAO Ting, ZHAI Jiahao, ZHU Jianfeng, QIN Yi. Preparation of K2O-PbO-SiO2 Ancient Glass and the Effect of Composition on Its Microstructure and Properties. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(24): 24120088-7.
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2025, Vol. 39 
