LIGHTWEIGHT ALLOYS |
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Research Progress on the Electrochemical Performance of Anode Materials for Magnesium Alloy Seawater Batteries |
WANG Yujiao1, JIANG Haitao1,*, ZHANG Yun1, WANG Panpan1, YU Bowen1, XU Zhe2
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1 Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2 China Institute of Marine Technology & Economy, Beijing 100081, China |
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Abstract Since 1940s, magnesium and magnesium alloys have become excellent anode materials for seawater batteries and received much attention because of their low density, high electrochemical activity and high specific capacity. Magnesium alloys are commonly used in Mg/C seawater dissolved oxygen batteries and Mg/AgCl, Mg/PbCl or Mg/CuCl seawater activated batteries. The current common magnesium alloy seawater battery anode material systems are Mg-Al-Zn, Mg-Hg-Ga and Mg-Al-Pb series, such materials can meet the power requirements of most subsea working equipment, especially low-power electrical equipment. However, magnesium alloy seawater batteries cannot meet the power needs of some high-power electrical equipment under the sea (such as torpedoes) because of the disadvantages of low battery anode utilization and discharge activity caused by passivation of the product film, voltage lag, and particle desorption. What's more, alloying, modifying processing technology and microstructure characteristic are mainly strategies to improving the discharge performance of magnesium alloy anode materials. The alloying elements such as Al, Zn, Hg, Ga, Pb, In, Sn, etc. for common magnesium alloy seawater batteries have achieved remarkable achievements in adjusting the electrochemical properties by modifying the microstructure of the alloy. Processing technologies such as homogenization treatment, extrusion and rolling followed by annealing treatment reduce the side reactions of hydrogen evolution and improve anode utilization by homogenizing microstructure, refining grain size, breaking coarse second phase particles, and reducing the intracrystalline defects caused by plastic deformation. The influence of microstructure such as impurities and composition homogenization, second phase particles, grain size, texture and discharge production film on the discharge performance of magnesium alloy anode depends on their characteristics. This article summarizes the research progress of the improvement of electrochemical performance when magnesium and magnesium alloys are used as anode materials for seawater batteries. The influencing factors and mechanism of the electrochemical performance of magnesium alloys are summarized from alloying, processing technology and microstructure characteristics. The existing problems and application prospects of the electrochemical performance of magnesium alloy seawater battery anode materials are analyzed. It aims to provide a reference for improving the discharge performance of magnesium alloy anode materials and developing magnesium alloy seawater batteries.
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Published: 31 May 2021
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Fund:Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2302019FRF-IC-19-018). |
About author:: Yujiao Wang, as a doctoral candidate in University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB). She received her bachelor's degree in material processing and control engineering from Anhui University of Technology in September 2013—June 2017. From September 2017 till now, she has been studying for a doctor's degree in material science and engineering at the Institute of Engineering Technology of USTB. Currently. She has partici-pated in a number of projects such as the international cooperation projects, and her research direction is the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys. Haitao Jiang, as a professor and doctoral tutor in University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), received the doctor's degree in Northwestern Polytechnical University (NWPU) with the guidance of Professor Miaoquan Li and did his postdoctoral research in the School of Materials Science and Engineering in USTB from 2004 to 2006. Since 2006, he has been working in the National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rolling in USTB mainly on the development of steel and iron materials and non-ferrous metals materials and also on the research of the production of plate and strip. He has cooperated with many large and medium iron and steel corporations like Anshan Iron and Steel Group Corporation, Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corp, Handan Iron and Steel Corporation and Maanshan Iron and Steel Corporation and developed pipeline steel from X42 to X100, hot and cold rolled automobile steel, container boiler plate and container plate. He has cooperated with the Boeing Company and developed the high formability magnesium alloy. He also cooperated with Jintian Titanium Industry and developed production process of materials like TA2, TC4 titanium alloy plate and titanium clad steel plate. He has a dozen programs of NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China), National Key Research and Development Plan and the Beijing municipal science and technology plan projects. He has also published over two hundred academic papers and received many authorized patents so far. |
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