含碳耐火材料防氧化技术综述

doi:10.11896/cldb.19120086

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Abstract Carbon-containing refractories prepared by compounding MgO or Al₂O₃ with flake graphite have excellent thermal shock resistance and slag corrosion resistance. It is widely used in submersed nozzle, long nozzle, monolithic Stopper, slide gates and other functional refractories product for flow controlling and steel cleaning, as well as basic oxygen furnaces, electric furnaces, steel ladles and smelting industrial furnace lining. At the same time, as steel metallurgical tend to be more efficient and intelligent, higher requirements are placed on the slag corrosion resistance and thermal shock resistance of carbon-containing refractories. The damage of carbon-containing refractories often starts from the oxidation of graphite. The easily oxidized carbon not only expend flake graphite resources to release greenhouse gases, but also decrease the pro-perties of carbon-containing refractories and curtail the service life. Therefore, the development of oxidation resistance technology of carbon-containing refractories has important significance for improving the quality and efficiency of metallurgy industry and environmental protection.
However, the composition of the raw materials of the carbon-containing refractories is complicated, and the performances are mutually restric-ted during use. While improving theoxidation resistance, other properties of the carbon-containing refractories are reduced. Therefore, in addition to the optimization of the oxidation resistance by adjusting the content and grain size of different antioxidants, researchers have mainly explored the antioxidant composite and the microstructure evolution of carbon-containing refractories, improve slag corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
According to the oxidative damage mechanism of carbon-containing refractories, the addition of antioxidant is still the most commonly used oxidation resistant technology for carbon-containing refractories. In addition to the formation of metal oxides and carbides to prevent the oxidation of carbon-containing refractory materials, metal antioxidants can also improve the mechanical properties and slag corrosion resistance of carbon-containing refractories by solid state reaction. The transition metals and metal alloys. As an antioxidant, it also has catalytic pyrolytic carbon graphitization and promotes the formation of carbide whiskers. In addition to the common silicon carbide and boron carbide, the MAX phase and the complex compounds prepared by Al with carbides not only have excellent oxidation resistance, but also can avoid material cracking by prevent the hydration of metal carbides. Boron-containing oxides can not only form a dense oxide layer to slow the penetration of oxygen, but also make it easier to form magnesia-alumina spinel through ion migration. In addition, nano antioxidants and composite powders antioxidants are easier to disperse in the matrix of carbon-containing refractories to form a even microstructure to improve comprehensive performance.
This review summarizes the oxidative damage mechanism of carbon-containing refractories; mainly analyzes the current research status of three types of antioxidants, including metals, carbides and boron-containing oxides, and focuses on the research progress of antioxidants in the reaction mechanism and microstructure evolution. Finally, a new research direction of oxidation resistance technology for carbon-containing refractories is proposed.

Key words： carbon-containing refractories antioxidants Al₂O₃-C MgO-C metal carbide boron-containing oxide

Published: 19 February 2021

CLC number:

TQ175.14

Fund:This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51572212, 51772236), Key Laboratory Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial (15JS053).

About author:: Liming Dai received his B.E. degree in materials science from Guangxi University in 2017. He is currently pursuing his master degree at the College of Materials and Mineral Resources, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, supervised by Prof. Guoqing Xiao. His research topic is the application of carbon/magne-sium-aluminum spinel composite powder in continuous casting functional refractories.
Guoqing Xiao, Ph.D., professor of Materials and Mi-neral Resources, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Doctor's Supervisor, received a PhD.in Materials Science from Xi'an Jiaotong University(2005), promoted to a professor in the same year. Visiting scholar(2008—2009) at the University of Sheffield (UK). Secretary-General of the Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Inorganic and Nonmetallic Materials, Deputy Director of the Refractory Branch of the Chinese Metal Society, Member of the Expert Committee of the China Refractories Industry Association, and the editorial board of Refractories and China's Refractories magazine Mainly engaged in the preparation and application of high temperature ceramic materials. Published more than 40 papers, of which 14 were retrieved by SCI, invited to give keynote speeches at the 6th International Conference on Refractories, hosted 3 projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and 1 key project of Shaanxi Province Key R & D project and won one second prize of national teaching achievement and one third prize of science and technology of Shaanxi province.

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Cite this article:

DAI Liming,XIAO Guoqing,DING Donghai. Review of Oxidation Resistance Technology of Carbon-containing Refractories[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(3): 3057-3066.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19120086 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I3/3057

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