METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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Progress on Strengthening Mechanism and Tensile Properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C Low Density Steel and Prospect of Nb Microalloying |
MA Tao, LI Huirong, GAO Jianxin, WANG Xufeng, SONG Hongwei, LI Yungang
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College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China |
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Abstract The development of the automobile industry has brought about serious energy and pollution problems while bringing economic and social progress. Developing lightweight and high-strength steel for automotive industry is particularly important due to reduce fuel efficiency and redu-cing pollutant emissions. Due to the low density and excellent mechanical properties, Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel has broad application prospects in the field of automotive structural materials. The mechanical properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel, especially the tensile properties, will directly affect the application prospect of the material in the automotive field. However, based on the change of alloying element content and the resulting composition phase difference, the deformation and strengthening mechanism of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel will also change during the process of stress deformation. Under the action of different strengthening mechanisms, the tensile properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel will also be different, which will affect its performance. Therefore, in recent years, scientific and technological workers have carried out in-depth research on the strengthening mechanism and tensile properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel, and achieved certain results. The results show that the strengthening mechanism of ferritic Fe-Al low-density steel is mainly solid solution strengthening, and its strength and elongation are at a low level due to the absence of phase transformation hardenability. With the increase of austenite element concentration such as Mn and C, the volume fraction of austenite in the microstructure obtained by Fe-Mn-Al-C steel under solid solution conditions increases conti-nuously, that lead the strengthening mechanism gradually transformed into the strain hardening of δ-ferrite combined with the TWIP and TRIP effects of austenite grains or the dislocation plane slip mechanism, and also leads to an increase in strength and ductility. In austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C steel with high Al and Mn contents, the precipitation of kappa-carbide and its interaction with dislocation motion lead to the precipitation harde-ning effect, and become an important strengthening mechanisms of austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C steel, and makes the austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C steel get the best combination of strength and toughness. Based on the related research at home and abroad, the strengthening mechanism and tensile properties of different types of Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel have been summarized based on the research progress in recent years. The results show that austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel has strong structural stability, excellent combination of toughness and hardness, and outstanding strain hardening ability, which make it the focus of future research. However, the austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel has poor controllability in the application process, which is easy to cause loss of material properties. Based on the microalloying characteristics of Nb and the thermodynamic calculation results of FactSage, it is proposed that Nb microalloyed austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel can improve the controllability of material mechanical properties while maintaining the existing advantages, and probably a new possibility for the development of the Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steel.
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Published: 24 December 2020
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Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974129). |
About author:: Tao Ma received his master degree in metallurgical engineering from North China University of Science and Technology in 2016. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at the College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology under the supervision of Prof. Yungang Li. His research has focused on the optimization of structure-property of low density steel. Yungang Li received his B.E and M.E. degrees in non-ferrous metallurgy from Northeastern University in 1982 and 1985, and received his Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry in metallurgy from Northeastern University, in 2005. His research focus on theory and technology of metallurgical process, as well as the research of new metal materials and utilization of resources. Dr.Li have undertaken 6 projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and published about 130 research papers in international and leading domestic journals in metallic materials science. |
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