MATERIALS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY MATERIALS AND MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION |
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Research Progress of Wood-based Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices |
ZHANG Weiye, LIU Yi, GUO Hongwu
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Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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Abstract With the continuous growth of global energy demand, efficient energy storage has become particularly critical. Electrochemical energy storage devices (such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, etc.) are typical energy storage systems with high energy density, no memory effect and low self-discharge rate. Supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density and long cycle life. However, the existing electrochemical energy storage devices can not be biodegraded, which has a certain harm to the environment. As a product of photosynthesis, biomass, such as wood, has the advantages of low cost, renewable, green and environmental protection. The preparation of electrochemical energy storage devices derived from biomass has attracted increasing attention. The electrochemical energy storage device is mainly composed of electrodes, electrolytes and fluid collectors. The design, assembly and structure of the device are the key factors affecting its electrochemical properties. At present, the preparation of electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors, is to grind carbon materials into powder and add adhesives to make slices. The addition of adhesives can easily block the pore of activated carbon and reduce its electrochemical performance. Activated carbon can only be used as porous energy storage material, and it can’t be used free-standing supercapacitor electrode. Conventional lithium batteries are prepared by dissolving active electrode mate-rials with conductive additives and binders in organic solvents to form slurry coated on collectors to form electrodes. However, during the preparation process, the electrodes will be broken and the electrochemical active materials will be separated from collectors. Wood is a natural renewable biomass resource with the advantages of sustainable utilization and abundant resources. Besides, wood has layered porous structure, excellent mechanical flexibility and integrity. Carbonizing wood at high temperature or loading conductive material is an ideal three-dimensional conductive substrate with unique straightness. Channels facilitate ion transport and provide large specific surfaces for high loading of active materials. Wood carbonization was prepared by hydrothermal or electrochemical deposition of metal oxide/hydroxide loaded conductive polymer with high theoretical capacitance and used as self-supporting electrode of supercapacitor. It has excellent electrochemical properties. In addition, wood was used as substrate and loaded with active electrode materials such as lithium iron phosphate. The preparation of battery-grade electrode material effectively solves the problem of cracking and separation between the traditional electrode active material and the substrate. In this article, we present the research progress of wood-based energy storage devices, discuss the specific application of wood in supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-air batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries, emphatically introduce the influence of wood micro-structure on electrochemical energy storage equipment, and analyses the problems faced by wood-based electrochemical energy storage equipment and its future development. In order to provide reference for the preparation of wood-based electrochemical energy storage equipment with higher performance and environmental friendliness.
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Published: 24 December 2020
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Fund:This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (6184045), Central University Funds for Basic Scientific Research (2018ZY12). |
About author:: Weiye Zhang received his B.S. degree in Qufu Normal University in 2018. He is currently pursuing her master’s degree at the College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University under the supervision of Prof. Hongwu Guo and Lecturer Yi Liu. His research has focused on wood-based advanced energy storage materials and devices. Yi Liu received his B.E. degree in Northeast Forestry University in 2009 and received his Ph.D. degree at the College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University in 2015. His research interests are biomass composite materials. Hongwu Guo received his B.E. degree in Northeast Forestry University in 1988 and received his Ph.D. degree at the Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry in 2006. He engaged in furniture and interior decoration engineering, biomass composite materials in the field of teaching, scientific research and technology transformation. |
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