快速制备纳米SiO<sub>2</sub>粉末基隔热复合材料的研究进展及展望

doi:10.11896/cldb.19040096

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Abstract Aerogel composites have been widely used in aerospace, petrochemical, construction and other thermal insulation fields due to their excellent thermal insulation properties. However, high manufacturing cost and complicated preparation process restrict the commercial exploitations of aerogel composites. Using nano-silica powder, ceramic fiber and other additives as raw materials, dry forming process or wet forming process can be used to realize the rapid preparation of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites. Compared with aerogel thermal insulation composites, the preparation process of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites does not require complicated supercritical drying technology, and is a kind of thermal insulation material with great development potential.
However,since the nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites are based on fumed silica, its mechanical properties are significantly lower than aerogel thermal insulation composites. The addition of reinforcing fibers and binders can improve the mechanical properties of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites, but their thermal insulation properties are significantly reduced. In recent years, researchers have been trying to optimize the preparation process, and have gave full play to the advantages of low thermal conductivity of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites while improving their mechanical properties.
At present, the rapid preparation methods of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites, which mainly study more, mainly include dry forming process and wet forming process. Among them, the dry compression molding is applied earlier and the process is mature. The prepared nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites has lower thermal conductivity, but the molding pressure is larger, and it is more difficult to produce complex shape products. The wet forming process mainly has two methods of compression molding and casting molding. The wet compression molding has better dispersion effect than the dry compression molding, but the complexity of the process is increased; the casting molding is convenient and can be used for irregular shapes. It provides more options for the rapid preparation of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites.
In this paper, the rapid preparation method and research progress of nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites are reviewed, and the dry forming process and the wet forming process are introduced respectively. The problems faced by nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites are analyzed, and the future development trend is prospected. It provides a reference for the rapid preparation of high perfor-mance, low cost new nano-silica powder-based thermal insulation composites.

Key words： rapid preparation nano-silica powder thermal insulation composites

Published: 13 May 2020

CLC number:

TB332

Fund:This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2018JJ2469).

About author:: Fengyun Zhang received her B.E. degree in chemistry engineering and technology from Hunan Normal University in 2017. She is currently pursuing her M.E. at the Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology under the supervision of associate Prof. Yonggang Jiang. Her research has focused on nano powder-based thermal insulation composites.
张凤云,2017年6月毕业于湖南师范大学,获得工学学士学位。现为国防科技大学空天科学学院硕士研究生,在姜勇刚副研究员的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为纳米粉末基隔热复合材料。

Yonggang Jiang received his B.E. degree in polymer materials science and engineering from Qingdao University in 2001, and received his M.S. and Ph. D. degrees in materials science and engineering from Natio-nal University of Defense Technology in 2003 and 2007, respectively. He is an academic visitor from August 2016 for one year in University of Oxford and he is currently an associate professor in National University of Defense Technology. His research interest is synthesis of aerogel thermal insulation composites with multi-functional properties including ultralow thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, high microwave transmission and low manufacturing cost.
姜勇刚,国防科技大学空天科学学院副研究员、硕士研究生导师。2001年7月毕业于青岛大学化工系,2003年12月和2007年12月在国防科技大学材料科学与工程专业分别取得硕士和博士学位,2016.08—2017.07在英国牛津大学材料系访学一年,主要从事纳米气凝胶隔热复合材料的研究。近年来,发表学术论文30余篇,获国家授权发明专利20余项。

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Cite this article:

ZHANG Fengyun,JIANG Yonggang,FENG Junzong, et al. Research Progress and Prospect on Rapid Preparation of Nano-silica Powder-based Thermal Insulation Composites[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(11): 11043-11048.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19040096 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I11/11043

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