直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.18120009

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Abstract Nowadays, the global energy crisis and environment pollution become increasingly severer, among which the extensive utilization of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum is a critical reason. Hence it is urgent to develop an efficient and clean coal utilization technology. Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC), as an all-solid-state energy conversion device, can directly use solid carbon as a fuel, converting the chemical energy into electricity. Theoretically, its energy conversion efficiency is close to 100%, which has unique advantages in the clean use of coal, such as without the use of any liquid metal or feeding gas as medium. This all-solid-state structure can effectively avoid several problems, such as electrolyte leakage, corrosion and performance degradation due to carbon dioxide in the air, which may occur in liquid metal anode DCFC and composite-electrolyte DCFC. With the rapid development of SOFC technology, DC-SOFC has attracted more and more researchers’ attentions and is expected to become a new generation of clean energy technology.
Due to the use of solid electrolytes and solid carbon materials, the anodic reaction process is complex and there are many influencing factors. To address these issues, researchers all around the world have done a lot of work to unravel the anode reaction mechanism, and constantly try to develop various novel anode materials of DC-SOFC. Some acceptable results had been obtained, for example, some reasonable anode reaction mechanisms had been proposed.
At present, two different mechanisms of DC-SOFC anode reaction have appeared according to the different forms of carbon fuel feeding into the cell. Besides the earliest noble metal of Pt anodes, the reported anode materials of DC-SOFC mainly includes Ni-based composite cermet, Cu-based composite cermet, Ag-based composite cermet and mixed ionic and electronic conductors (MIECs), which are represented by Ni-YSZ, Cu-Ni-YSZ, Ag-GDC and LST, respectively. A large number of studies have shown that the addition of Fe, Sn and other elements with catalytic effects in the cermet anode can effectively boost the output power of the cell and improve the utilization efficiency of the fuel. Although these materials have different output performance, they all have their own advantages, which provide different ideas for the research of DC-SOFC. In addition, based on the existing materials, further optimization of the anode mechanism to improve the output performance of DC-SOFC also indicates a new direction for the future of anode research.
In this paper, the DC-SOFC anode structure characteristics, reaction mechanism and the latest research progress of various anode materials are systematically summarized and analyzed, and the future development direction and perspectives of the anodes for direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell are outlined, in order to provide a more valuable reference to DC-SOFC anodes study.

Key words： direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells anode materials composite cermet material mixed ionic and electronic conductors

Published: 03 January 2020

CLC number:

O646

Fund:This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51764029, 51604132), and the Applied Basic Research Plan of Yunnan Province (2015FD007,2017FB085).

About author:: Yingjie Zhang received her B.S. and M.S. degrees in applied chemistry from Harbin Institute of Technology in 1984 and 1987, respectively. In 1999, she received Ph.D. degree in nonferrous metal metallurgy from Kunming University of Science and Technology and became a professor. In March 2016, she was appointed as the party committee secretary of Kunming University of Science and Technology, where she founded the Natio-nal and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithiu-mion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology. Her main research inte-rests include electrochemical protection and environmental protection and electrochemical energy;Hao Wu received his B.S. degree in materials process and control engineering from Henan University of Science and Technology in 2017. He is currently pur-suing his M.S. degree in materials engineering at Kunming University of Science and Technology under the supervision of Prof. Yingjie Zhang. His research has focused on direct carbon solid oxide fuel cellJie Xiao received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in applied chemistry from South China University of Techno-logy in 2009 and 2014, respectively. Now, he serves as a lecturer in the Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology. His research are focused on design and fabrication of materials and structures for novel fuel cells and batteries, including solid oxide fuel cell, direct carbon fuel cell and metal-air batteries.

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Cite this article:

ZHANG Yingjie,WU Hao,ZENG Xiaoyuan, et al. Research Progress of the Anode Materials for Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(3): 3090-3098.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.18120009 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I3/3090

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