锌锰二次电池研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.18080017

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Abstract As the conflict between energy supply and environmental protection becomes increasingly acute, it is of great significance to develop new, renewable and green energy. Rechargeable batteries, as a kind of environmental-friendly energy storage device, have been widely used in many fields. Rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries consisting of zinc (Zn) as anode, manganese dioxide (MnO₂) as cathode, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution as electrolyte, have many advantages such as abundant raw material resources, environmental friendliness, cost effectiveness and high theoretical capacity. Therefore, it is considered to be one of the most promising high-performance rechargeable batte-ries.
MnO₂ is a kind of semiconductor with poor conductivity (electrical conductivity is 10^-5—10^-6 S/cm) and poor cyclic stability, because the ca-thode structure and the amount of active material could be damaged by the volume change and the dissolution of trivalent manganese ions. Besides, the thermodynamic properties of Zn anode are unstable, including vulnerability to deformation, dendrites, passivation, and corrosion. As a result, the utilization of the Zn electrode is reduced and the short circuit of the battery is brought about. Therefore, the electrochemical perfor-mance of rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries hampers its widespread application, including poor cycle life, low rate performance and low coulombic efficiency. So far, most researches focused on improving the electrochemical performance and expanding the application range of rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries by optimizing the property of electrode materials, the composition of the electrolyte, and the structure of batteries.
It has been demonstrated that the problems existing in rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries can be effectively solved by the following methods: (1) about the cathode material, the nanonization of MnO₂ and the compounding and the doping with materials of good conductivity can greatly increase the specific surface area and conductivity of the cathode material, and raise discharge capacity; (2) about the anode material, the deformation caused by zinc dendrites or corrosion can be reduced by doping; (3) about the electrolyte, mild salt solution containing Zn²⁺ and Mn²⁺ can be simultaneously applied in both traditional and flexible zinc-manganese dioxide batteries, and the incorporation of additives can effectively inhibit the corrosion, dendrites, passivation problems of Zn anode, thereby prolonging cycle life of batteries; (4) about the structure, flexible rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries with different structures are assembled on the basis of the improved electrode materials and electrolyte, which can be better applied in narrow and shaped spaces, greatly broadening the use of rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries.
In this review, the main problems have been summarized based on the working principle of rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries. And recent research progress has been reviewed from the perspectives of electrode materials, electrolyte and flexible design. Meanwhile, this paper also gives brief suggestions and outlooks on the future research directions in rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries.

Key words： rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries electrode materials electrolyte flexible battery

Published: 15 August 2019

CLC number:

TM911

About author:: Lingtong Li received her B.E. degree in metal mate-rials engineering from Yantai University in 2017. She is currently pursuing her M.S. in China University of Petroleum. Ning Cao received his Ph.D. degree in materials science from Shandong University in 2010. And he went to the IEMN Institute in France for a one-year research in 2015.

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Cite this article:

LI Lingtong,ZANG Xiaobei,CAO Ning. Recent Progress of Rechargeable Zinc-Manganese Dioxide Batteries[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(19): 3210-3218.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.18080017 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I19/3210

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