| INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Progress in Preparation of Three-dimensional Graphene Materials and Their Applications in Water Treatment |
| YUE Huanjuan1,2,3, SUN Hongjuan1,2, PENG Tongjiang3, LIU Bo2, YANG Jingjie2, LIANG Xiaoyi2
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1 School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010;
2 Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Southwest Universityof Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010;
3 Institute of Mineral Materials and Application,Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010 |
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Abstract With the rapid development of economy, more and more pollutants have entered the waters, leading to the environment pollution and endangering human health. Therefore, the purification and treatment of polluted waste water are extremely urgent. In many sewage treatment methods, adsorption method is widely used because it is economical and highly efficient. Compared with the traditional adsorbents, graphene material, as a new type of carbon material, has the advantages of large surface area, excellent chemical stability, rich oxygen functional groups and strong modifiability, and it has strong adsorption capacity for pollutants in water. Nevertheless, the thin film and fine particle size of two-dimensional graphene make its separation from water after the adsorption of pollutants difficult, thus causing secondary pollution. If the two dimensional graphene is assembled to three dimensional po-rous network aggregates, it can not only prevent the accumulation of graphene structure layer effectively, but also facilitate the diffusion and adsorption of pollutants, and contribute to the solid-liquid separation after adsorption. Therefore, in the field of water pollution treatment, three dimensional graphene adsorbents have gradually become the research focus.
The three-dimensional graphene material ia a new kind of porous block material which is mainly formed by the cross-linking of graphene or graphene oxidized. It inherits the excellent physical and chemical properties of intrinsic graphene. The nano porous structure endow three-dimensional graphene with high porosity and high solute transmission speed and other favorable characteristics, which decide its vast application prospects in water pollution treatment. Different chemical substances and various preparation met-hods can be adopted to graft and modify graphene materials, in the purpose of promoting the formation of the three-dimensional macrostructure and micropore structure of graphene. According to the research results at home and abroad, it can be found that the forces of three dimensional graphene adsorbing pollutants mainly include electrostatic interaction, π-π stacking, hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bonding and complexation. For cationic pollutants, increasing the active groups and adsorption sites on the surface of three dimensional graphene can effectively improve the adsorption capacity, and optimizing their acid and alkaline resistance can effectively improve the desorption rate of adsorbents. The hydrophobic lipophilic three-dimensional graphene material is the ideal material for oil pollution removal. Improving the porosity, specific surface area and mechanical strength can greatly improve the adsorption capacity, and enhancing its elastic strength and thermal stability can significantly improve the performance of the cycle of regeneration.
In consideration of the urgent needs of water pollution control and excellent adsorption performance of three-dimensional graphene materials, we systematically summarized the mechanism of three-dimensional graphene materials prepared by hydrothermal self-assembly method, solvothermal self-assembly method, chemical vapor deposition, organic polymer template method and ice template method from the perspective of water pollution control. In addition, the applications of 3D graphene materials in the adsorption of organic pollutants like dye, oil and heavy metal ions in waste water are introduced. Finally, the research prospect and development trend of three-dimensional graphene are proposed.
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Published: 09 August 2018
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2018, Vol. 32 
