| METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Numerical Simulation of Keyhole and Welding Spatter Behavior in Laser Deep Penetration Welding |
| PENG Jin1,2,3,*, XU Hongqiao1, WANG Xingxing1, LONG Weimin2, ZHANG Yongzhen3, YU Xiaokai4
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1 Material College, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
2 China Academy of Machinery Ningbo Academy of Intelligent Machine Tool Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China
3 National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
4 Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471039, Henan, China |
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Abstract In this work, the three-dimensional transient behavior of welding spatters, keyhole and weld pool flow field in laser deep penetration welding were studied by using the heat flow coupling finite element model of laser welding. The results show that weld spatter occured both in front of and behind the keyhole wall during laser penetration welding. During the formation of welding spatter behind the keyhole wall, the bottom of the keyhole was prone to be squeezed and closed. The formation of welding spatter was a process in which small-sized liquid metal bulges appeared on the surface of the molten pool, forming a liquid column, the liquid column growed, and the liquid metal separated from the liquid column to form a spatter. The maximum flow rate of the melt producing welding spatter in front of the keyhole was significantly higher than that behind the keyhole. From the opening of the keyhole to the bottom of the keyhole, the flow velocity at each point of the molten pool decreased gradually.
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Published: 10 February 2025
Online: 2025-02-05
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2025, Vol. 39 
