INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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An Overview on Advances in All-inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots |
WANG Ensheng, YU Liping, LIAN Shixun, ZHOU Wenli
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College of Chemistry Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081 |
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Abstract In recent years, perovskite quantum dots stand out for their excellent photoelectric properties among all kinds of optoelectronic materials. Compared with organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots, all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (IPQDs) show higher chemical stability. IPQDs have aroused tremendous interest owing to their high absorption coefficient, narrow full-width at half maximum, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), controllable composition and size, tunable emission spectrum, photoluminescence and electroluminescence dual characteristics. These excellent properties have made IPQDs become one of the most promising optoelectronic materials, and widely used in light emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cell, photodetector, laser and other fields. Unfortunately, there still exist many problems in IPQDs. Ⅰ.The luminescence mechanism of IPQDs is not clear enough. A large number of comprehensive and systematic studies are still needed to reveal the mechanism for their excellent photoelectric performance. Ⅱ. The PLQY of CsPbCl3 is low and needs further improvement. Ⅲ. Pb in IPQDs is toxic. Further analysis of the impact of Pb in IPQDs should be carry out so as to lay a theoretical foundation for development of lead-free or lead-less QDs materials. Ⅳ.IPQDs are unstable, and they are easy to decompose or agglomerate in polar solvents. The IPQDs, especially CsPbI3, exhibit poor stability under light, oxygen, high humidity and temperature. Anion exchange can occur easily when different IPQDs are mixed. Ⅴ. Long chain insulation ligands on the surface of QDs hinder the charge-transfer between crystal grains. On the premise of sufficient passivation of quantum dots surface, an effective way to develop highly efficient LEDs is to minimize the hindrance of ligands to charge transfer. Ⅵ. Further optimization of preparation process is required for the sake of adapting to large-scale production. Researchers have devoted themselves to reduce the toxicity and improve the stability, and significant progress has been made in recent years. Effective ways have been developed to solve the toxicity of IPQDs by completely or partially replacing Pb with non-toxic or low toxic metals (like Mn and Sn), and coating IPQDs with polymers or metal oxides. Moreover, doping Mn2+ into IPQDs can increase formation energy of perovskite lattice, and thereby enhance the thermal stability of IPQDs. Besides, using organic, inorganic or polymer materials to coat IPQDs can avoid the contact of IPQDs with external environment, thus the stability of IPQDs can be also improved. This article provides an overall review on the recent advances in all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots, including synthesis methods, morphology, optical and surface properties of IPQDs. The stability of IPQDs, the toxicity of Pb and the current solutions are analyzed. The application prospects of IPQDs in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, photodetectors and lasers are discussed. Finally, some problems and outlook of future deve-lopment directions of IPQDs are pointed out.
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Published: 12 March 2019
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