硼氢化钠还原烯烃和炔烃的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19080141

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Abstract Catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons has always been an important approach to prepare compounds which can not be obtained from nature, which is extreme important in industrial production and researches. Traditional hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons not only requires catalysts, but also higher reaction temperature and hydrogen pressure are needed, the reaction conditions are relatively harsh, which is not only extreme strict for reaction equipment, but also has obvious issues of potential safety in the reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a catalytic system with mild reaction conditions and excellent catalytic effect.
NaBH₄ was discovered by Brown at the University of Chicago in 1942. Organic borohydride is generally applied to reduce the carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones as cheap, safe, stable, easily handling and highly reductive. In 1962, Brown first reported the reduction of simple alkynes by NaBH₄ in the presence of catalyst. This is the first example of NaBH₄ as a hydrogen donor for the reduction of unsaturated hydrocarbons, an alternative method for the reduction of unsaturated hydrocarbons was found.
NaBH₄ can reduce unsaturated hydrocarbons based on catalysts. The catalysts can be divided into precious metal and non-precious metal catalysts. The precious metal catalysts are mainly Pd, In, Ru and other metals, while the non-precious metals mainly include Cu, Co, Ni and other metals. Precious metal and non-precious metal catalysts are metal salts or metal nanoparticles supported on carrier, which have high catalytic activity and chemical stability. At first, precious metal catalysts were mainly studied, however the price of precious metal catalysts was relatively high, some precious metal catalysts were deactivated after application. Non-precious metal catalysts are gradually becoming the focus as researches continue, which are not only cheap, but also have similar catalytic effect with precious metal catalysts. Now, the conversion rate of unsaturated hydrocarbon can be boosted up to 99% in precious metal catalyst/NaBH₄ catalytic system, 98% conversion rate can be achieved in non-precious metal catalyst/NaBH₄ catalytic system. It can be noted that the conversion rate and catalytic activity of the two catalysts are basically same. Therefore, non-precious metal catalysts can be applied instead of precious metal catalysts without special requirements.
Here the essay reviews recent research results and advancements of alkenes and alkynes by NaBH₄ under various non-precious metal/precious metal catalysts, including the alkynes and alkynes containing sensitive protective groups. The reduction of alkynes and alkynes by sodium borohydride are briefly introduced, summarized and prospected.

Key words： alkenes alkynes catalyst sodium borohydride reduction

Published: 12 March 2021

CLC number:

O61

Fund:Open Fund of Engineering and Technology Research Center of Castor Industry in Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (MDK2016001), National Foundation Cultivation Project of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (NMDGP1503), Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Graduate Research Innovation Funding Project (NMDSS1870), Opening Project of “Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry and Functional Molecular Synthesis Autonomous Region” of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities (MDK2017051).

About author:: Baohua Lu received he B.S. degree in applied chemistry from Hetao College in June 2017. He is now per-suing his M.S. degree in the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Nationalities, under the guidance of Professor Li Jiu-ming. His research has focused on the reduction of alkenes by metal nanoparticles.
Jiuming Li received his B.E. degree in chemistry from Inner Mongolia Normal University for Nationalities in 1994 and received his Ph.D. degree in Xinjiang Institute of Physical and Chemical Technology, Chinese Aca-demy of Sciences in 2008, and taught in Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities in the same year. His research interests are extraction, separation and structure identification of natural products, synthesis and application of fine chemicals, research and application of chemical pesticides and biopesticides.

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Cite this article:

LU Baohua,XU Ning,CHEN Xiaotong, et al. Research Progress in Reduction of Alkenes and Alkynes by Sodium Borohydride[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(5): 5214-5221.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19080141 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I5/5214

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