中国近十年绿色焊接技术研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19050104

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Abstract Green manufacturing is animportant prerequisite of achieving the goal of “Made in China in 2025”. Green welding is an important part of green manufacturing. Green welding is a development concept aiming at the common issues of high energy consumption and low effective utilization of resources in welding industries. Its main content is to develop and use green welding materials and technologies with low emission and low pollution, and new high-efficient green welding methods.
Ferrous metal mainly refers to steel and stainless steel. Their structure parts are mainly used in shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, power plant equipment, petrochemical equipment, bridge construction and fabricating other large components. With the acceleration of lightweight process in Chinese manufacturing industry, the applications of lightweight non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and tita-nium alloy are more and more widespread in all walks of life. As a generic technology, welding technology has become one of the key technologies affecting the application of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in the field of equipment manufacturing.
For green welding of ferrous metals,the solid welding wire used for CO₂ gas shielded welding is gradually replaced by the flux-cored wire in the field of shipbuilding. In order to reduce the weight of automobile body, hot-formed steel, galvanized steel and aluminum/steel dissimilar structures are widely used in the field of automobile manufacturing. The mainstream green welding technologies in automobile manufacturing include dynamic electric resistance controlled medium frequency resistance spot welding, laser welding, friction stir welding and so on. The main green welding methods used in power plant construction (include thermal power, hydro power and nuclear power) are all-position TIG hot wire welding, narrow gap TIG hot wire welding, narrow gap submerged arc welding and multi-head gas shielded arc welding, etc. Field welding is widely used in the manufacture of petrochemical equipment. Arc welding robots are often used for spherical tank structures. For the maintenance and emergent repair of marine pipelines, underwater dry high-pressure welding is a relatively mature high-quality welding method and the future focus is on developing submersible full-automatic marine pipeline welding maintenance system. At present, bridge structural steel in China has already developed to the sixth generation of bridge steel-Q500q, which promotes the successful development of new green flux-cored gas shielded welding wire and other welding materials. For the welding of non-ferrous metal components in the fields of high-speed rail, automobile, hardware and household app-liances, many green welding methods such as laser welding, laser-arc hybrid welding, friction stir welding, new green brazing technology can be used to realize the green connection of non-ferrous metals.
In this paper, the research progress of new efficient green welding technologies and green welding materials related to melt welding, pressure welding and brazing for both ferrous and non-ferrous metal components were reviewed systematically. Firstly, the green welding technologies of large ferrous metal components in shipbuilding, automobile, electric power, petrochemical industry, bridge construction and other fields, as well as their respective characteristics and application scope were introduced. Then, green welding technologies of non-ferrous metal components related to high-speed train, automobile manufacturing, household appliances, electronics industry were summarized. Moreover, robot automatic welding, typical green welding technologies such as laser-arc hybrid welding, friction stir welding and green welding materials such as shaved aluminum alloy wire for high-speed train and low-silver, cadmium-free brazing filler metals and lead-free solders were simply exampled and analyzed. Finally, the existing problems and the future development trends of green welding technologies were summarized and proposed, respectively, which can provide a valuable reference for further popularization and application of green welding technologies in all walks of life in China.

Key words： green welding technology ferrous metal non-ferrous metal green welding materials

Published: 23 July 2019

CLC number:

TG44

Fund:This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51675269) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

About author:: Songbai Xue is currently a level-2 professor and Ph.D. supervisor at the College of Material Science and Technology in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA). He has focused on welding materials and technology for decades. During these years, he formulated 5 national standards and 5 professional stan-dards of Ministry of Machinery Industry. Besides, he earned more than thirty major research achievements, including a second prize of 2016 State Science and Technology Progress Award, a second prize of 2014 technical invention award of the Ministry of Education, a third prize of National Defense Science and Technology Progress Award, et al.
Bo Wang received his B.S. degree in material science and engineering from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) in 2012. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at the College of Material Science and Technology in NUAA under the supervision of Prof. Songbai Xue. His research has focused on advanced welding technology

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Cite this article:

XUE Songbai,WANG Bo,ZHANG Liang, et al. Development of Green Welding Technology in China During the Past Decade[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(17): 2813-2830.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19050104 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I17/2813

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