石油钻杆用7xxx系铝合金微观组织和性能的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.17120244

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Abstract Nowadays, the applications of aluminum alloys in oil drilling industries have gradually attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad due to their low density, high strength and acid gas corrosion resistance,etc. Aluminum alloy oil drill pipes have been adopted in drilling field for decades in a few developed countries, such as America and Russia. However, domestic research on the start of aluminum alloy oil drill pipes was late, and they mainly rely on imports, which greatly limits the development of drilling industries in China. As a result, there are tremendous social and economic benefits to realize self-developed aluminum alloy drill pipes with super high strength and corrosion-resistant.
Al-Zn-mg-Cu ultra-high strength aluminum alloys with high tensile strength, good corrosion resistance and high temperature impact toughness at high temperature belong to 7xxx series aluminum alloys, they have become the most potential materials for aluminum alloy drilling pipes. In addition, they are also the main research direction of high performance aluminum alloy drilling tools for our country in recent years.
The main precipitation strengthening phases in 7xxx series aluminum alloy are distributed GP zones and η' phase. Asis known to all, the alloys' microstructures determine their performances. Therefore, the properties of the aluminum alloy materials can be controlled by changing the heat treatment processing and the composition. The heat treatment process of aluminum alloys mainly include homogenization, solid solution and ageing heat treatments. At present, homogenization tends to adopt a multi-stage heat treatment system, after heat treatment, not only more diffuse and fine precipitates are formed, but also the recrystallization behavior of the alloy will be suppressed. Subsequently, the alloys are treated via two-stage or multi-stage solid solution treatment, and the residual second phases can be effectively dissolved into the matrix, thus leading to the improvement of alloys' stability and comprehensive performance. As a more critical heat treatment step, ageing heat treatment transforms from traditional single-stage to multi-stage treatments as well. A new type of retrogression and re-ageing (RRA) treatment combines the advantages of both single and two-stage ageing. In other words, the alloy can obtain high corrosion resistance without sacrificing the strength after RRA treatment. Hence, exploring a suitable heat treatment system has a profound impact on the comprehensive performance of aluminum alloy materials for drill pipes.
In addition,optimizing the alloy compositions is also a significant way to ameliorate the performance of aluminum alloys. It is found that the composition of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy used as oil drill pipes is generally controlled within the range of Al-6—6.5Zn-2.0—2.8mg-1.6—2.0Cu, and the superior comprehensive performance can be obtained. Besides, the introduction of new micro alloying elements, such as mn, Zr, Cr and some rare earth elements, can significantly refine the grain of the aluminum alloys and increase their recrystallization temperature, thereby improving their heat resistance and corrosion resistance, making them more to meet the service requirements for oil drill pipes in actual working conditions.
Although the 7xxx series aluminum alloys have many performance advantages, they are prone to stress corrosion cracking due to the poor corrosion resistance in chlorine-rich atmosphere environment, and there is a certain risk of failure in service in the field of marine drilling field. What's more, 7xxx series aluminum alloys have poor erosion and wear resistance as well, and they are prone to wear during drilling, thereby shortening their service life. Future work should be focused on improving the high-temperature strength of aluminum alloy drill pipes from the aspects of composition design, material preparation and heat treatment process. meanwhile, mechanical properties, electrochemical properties and wear-resis-tant properties should be evaluated systematically and the optimization mechanism of these properties should be studied.
In this paper,the current research status, mechanical properties and production process of aluminum oil drill pipes at home and abroad are reviewed. The progress of ageing precipitation sequence and microalloying research of 7xxx series aluminum alloys for drill pipes were generalized systematically. moreover, the effects of heat treatments including solid solution and ageing on the mechanical properties of 7xxx series aluminum alloys are expounded in detail, and the corrosion resistance and wear behavior of aluminum oil drill pipes are analyzed as well. Based on these, some current problems and further development directions on 7xxx series aluminum alloys used for China's oil drill pipes are prospected.

Key words： oil drill pipe 7xxx series aluminum heat treatment microalloying corrosion resistance

Published: 10 April 2019

CLC number:

TE921

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0300901), Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology (cstc2017jcyjAX0245)

About author:: Yichang Wang received her B.E. degree in materials science and engineering from Chongqing University in 2015. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. at the College of materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University under the supervision of Researcher Lingfei Cao. Her research has focused on microstructures and properties of 7xxx series Al alloys used for oil drill pipes.Lingfei Cao, received her B.S. degree (1999), m.S. degree (2002), and Ph.D. degree (2006) in materials physics and chemistry from Central-South University. She worked as JSPS fellow in the faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University from 2006 to 2008, research fellow in Department of materials Engineering, monash University from 2008 to 2014. Since 2014, she worked in the School of materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University. Her research interest is on the relationship between microstructure and properties of materials.

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Cite this article:

WANG Yichang,CAO Lingfei,WU Xiaodong, et al. Research Progress on microstructure and Properties of 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloys for Oil Drill Pipes[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(7): 1190-1197.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.17120244 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I7/1190

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