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National Strategic Materials: Aerospace Materials
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Potential Approaches to In-situ Utilization of Martian Resources: a Technical Analysis
FENG Lei, SHU Wenxiang, WEN Chen, CUI Qingxin, BAI Jingying, LI Xinxin
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040408 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040408
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Humanity has orbited, landed on, and roved and inspected Mars, with new insights into Mars's internal structure and environmental studies including weathers, climates and others. Based on the latest probing and data analysis of Mars's resources, Mars's livability and feasibility for establishing bases are analyzed. In view of China's unmanned and manned Mars mission probes in the future, the analysis of main functions of Mars's resources is carried out from the following five aspects: (ⅰ) preparing water, oxygen, plants, and other life support materials; (ⅱ) preparing propellants; (ⅲ) preparing wind, solar and other powers; (ⅳ) building infrastructure with blocks, 3D printing or others; (ⅴ) in-situ manufacturing of metals, chemical engineering materials and products. Considering the features of Mars' resources and the practical needs of future Mars mission probes, this paper systematically analyzes centering around the application channels for Mars' in-situ materials, which is referential to research of the technology of Mars's individual or integrated resource exploitation.
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In-situ Forming Technology of Lunar/Martian Soil Simulant
LIU Chen, LI Yong, ZHOU Wen, WU Yiyong, WANG Yan, WU Yuemin, WANG Fang, JU Dandan, YAN Jihong
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050122 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050122
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In-situ forming technology of Lunar/Martian soil is an important part of in-situ resource utilization,and also the key technology of long-term alien base construction. The forming methods of Lunar/Martian soil are mainly divided into three categories, sintering, bonding and 3D prin-ting molding. In terms of forming process, the energy and additives utilized during forming should be accessed in space as easily as possible to reduce the manufacturing costs. In terms of structure, the rapid prototyping of large structural parts and the fine forming of complex structure are two important research trends, which could meet the needs of multi-scene human activities. In terms of properties, the mechanical and thermophysical properties were focused to meet the needs of bearing and thermal insulation. This paper systematically introduced the main forming technologies of lunar/Martian soil at home and abroad, including raw material acquisition, forming process, microstructure and properties. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development trend of various forming methods were summarized to provide reference for the development of in-situ utilization of space resources.
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Demand Outlook of Key Materials and Technologies for Space Solar Power Station
GAO Hong, FAN Yanyan, WANG Li, LIU Zili, HE Duanpeng, YU Lifu, WEN Ming
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22060164 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22060164
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As a renewable energy system, space solar power satellite (SSPS) needs to be collaboration applied based on a variety of key technologies, such as large-scale expanded structure and control technology, complex and efficient solar energy conversion technology, ultra-large power transmission and management technology, long-distance wireless energy transmission technology, on-orbit assembly and maintenance technology. Material technology, as the most basic support of the above key technologies, also faces greater challenges. By analyzing the difficulties in space solar power station construction, this paper explains the development needs of lightweight, flexible and intelligent new materials for key technologies such as large-size truss, flexible solar cell, super-power conductive rotary joint and in-orbit in-situ manufacturing.
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Research Process of Flexible Encapsulation Materials and Technology for Space Solar Cells
ZHAO Huiyang, WANG Hao, ZHAO Liangliang, ZHANG Weinan, WANG Yan, WU Yuemin, YU Hui, SUN Chengyue, JU Dandan, WU Yiyong
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22030104 -11. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22030104
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Based on the mission requirements of deep space exploration, space power stations, commercial aerospace, micro-nano satellites and long-endurance near-space flight, high efficiency, light weight, flexibility and high reliability are the development themes of space solar array. Solar arrays are developed from traditional rigid array and semi-rigid array to fully flexible array. The spacecraft needs to be exposed to charged particle radiation, ultraviolet radiation and atomic oxygen environment during in-orbit service. Therefore, it is necessary to encapsulate a protective layer on the surface of solar cell to slow down the degradation. As the radiation shielding layer for solar cells, the radiation protection, optical and mechanical properties of cover sheet are the most important. In this paper, the research progress of flexible packaging materials for solar cells, such as polysilsesquioxane, transparent polyimide and pseudomorphic glass were summarized. And the relevant space environment simulation test and in-orbit exposure results were also discussed. Finally, the development and application of flexible packaging materials and techno-logies for solar cells were prospected.
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Application and Trend of Ablation Thermal Protection Materials for Space Exploration
LIANG Xin, SONG Zhaohui, FANG Zhou, DENG Huoying, MAO Kezhu, WU Dongri
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040315 -8. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040315
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Ablation thermal protection materials are used for the most of space probes due to high reliability and wide suitability. Ablation thermal protection materials have various kinds for defferent space exploration goals, entry/reentry trajactory of probe, probe configuration and limit of thermal protection strcture. Light and efficient are the important development characteristic of the ablation thermal protection materials. Furthermore, the reliability is vital important. Different thermal protection materials have different behaviors and characteristics in the different heat environment. Ablation thermal protection materials have critical role for the success of space exploration. The kinds and applications of ablation thermal protection materials for space exploration have been reviewed, including high density glass fiber reinforced phenolic plastics, honeycomb reinforced thermal protection material, resin infiltrated materials, carbon phenolic of US, and nylon phenolic, honeycomb reinforced thermal protection materials and NF materials of China. The applied space exploration probe, aerodynamic heating environment, the material properties and manufacture technology of the thermal protection structure are introduced. The anomaly ablation cases of the materials and the selected materials change of US space exploration are summarized. It is thus clear that the coupling relationship between thermal protection material and heat environment is complex. The research of thermal protection material on resisting anomaly damage in US and our country are introduced. It is showed that the honeycomb reinforced ablation thermal protection materials has advantages for the existing experiment results. The application and development of the thermal protection materials for space exploration are prospected at the end.
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Research Process of Space Microbial Protection Materials
JIN Yu, QU Xi, WEN Chen, SHU Wenxiang, ZHAO Kuo, XU Junjie, BAI Jingying, CUI Qingxin, ZHANG Ligong
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050282 -9. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050282
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The friendly environment of space station created for astronauts to stay for a long time also provides favorable conditions for the breeding of microorganisms. Pathogenic macrobiotics can cause astronauts to get sick. Fungi and molds can corrode and degrade various materials of the space station, leading to the failure of equipment and platform. The tightness of the space station also can be influenced. In this paper, the current situation of microbial corrosion in space station is analyzed, and the current situation of corrosion prevention of materials commonly used in space station is introduced. Afterwards, the domestic and international research progresses of space microbial protection materials are summarized from five aspects, metal particles, nano semiconductor metal oxides, organic polymers, hydrophobic coating and composite antibacterial materials. On the basis, combined with the operation characteristics of spacecraft, the future research direction of space microbial protection materials is analyzed and prospected.
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Progress and Development Direction of Flight Test of Aerospace Materials
SHEN Zicai, GAO Hong, FAN Yanyan, YAN Jina, YU Yun, LIU Xuechao, WANG Yanzhi, DAI Wei
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050022 -8. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050022
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The flight test of aerospace materials is complementary to the ground simulation test and numerical simulation test, and the flight test is the most direct method to obtain the on-orbit performance data of aerospace materials. The flight test technology of aerospace materials is introduced from passive exposure and active exposure firstly in this paper, the current situation of aerospace material flight test at home and abroad is analyzed, and the development trend of aerospace material flight test such as the variety and batch of flight test materials, the flight test and space environment multaneous monitoring, and the macro and micro properties simultaneous monitoring of aerospace materials are discussed. At last, some suggestions on aerospace material flight test such as system planning, passive and active exposure, space environment and effect monitoring, multi-function and integration of flight test device were proposed.
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Application Verification Technology System for Aerospace Advance Materials
GAO Hong, XING Yan, SUN Ming, YU Bin, LI Yan, LIU Botian, WU Bing, YU Lifu, FAN Yanyan
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050332 -5. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050332
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Based on Qian Xuesen's “comprehensive integration methodology”, and combined with the characteristics of spacecraft materials development and application in China, the basic principles of application verification technology are described in this paper. The new material engineering application quality control system has been formed with multi-index evaluation, multi-angle analysis and comprehensive evaluation by means of macro and micro material research of material characterization and application, using the methods of experimental verification, expert decision support, computational simulation, induction and deduction, information processing and so on. The system gave full play to the advantages of man-machine integration, qualitative and quantitative integration, theory and practice integration and multidisciplinary integration of systems engineering, laying a quality assurance foundation for the independent development of China's space equipment.
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Review of Spacecraft Thermal Control Materials and Applications
XIANG Yanchao, GAO Hong, WEN Ming, ZHAO Qiwei
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050193 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050193
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Thermal control material is an important medium to realize the thermal control function of spacecraft, and is the basis for the development of spacecraft thermal control technology. The wide application of multilayer insulation materials, thermal conductive materials, thermal coatings and interface materials in the spacecraft thermal control system, realize the thermal control of spacecraft by using the thermophysical properties of the materials. From the perspective of spacecraft thermal control materials engineering application, we summarize the research and application progresses of four types of thermal control materials commonly used in spacecraft thermal control system, including thermal insulation materials, high thermal conductivity materials, coating materials and interface materials, and prospect the development needs of thermal control technology in deep low and high temperature environment, which will be applied in the future space science probe and low temperature propellant in-orbit storage project. Finally, we put forward suggestions on thermal control materials that may be used in deep low and high temperature environment, such as high thermal insulation materials and coating materials.
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Development Status of Grid Materials for Ion Thrusters
WEI Heran, YAN Liansheng, SUN Jiantao
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050099 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050099
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Ion thruster is a widely used electric thruster. The grid is used in ion thrusters to draw out ions and accelerate them to generate thrust, and it is a key component that determines the performance as well as reliability of the ion thruster. Recently, the materials used to prepare the grid have been transitioned from metal materials such as molybdenum to carbon-based materials, especially C/C composite materials with better thermal stability and resistance to ion sputtering, which are ideal grid candidates for large load-bearing, long-life and high-stability ion thrusters. A few countries have developed C/C composite grids and achieved interstellar flight. In fact, China still uses molybdenum as the major grid material and the application of C/C composite grids engineering is still blank. This review mainly summarizes the development status of grid materials, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various grid materials, and discusses the manufacturing technology of C/C composite grids in various countries.
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Technological Advances in 3D Printing of Radomes
LI Junsheng, LI Duan, LI Xuechao, GAO Shitao, WANG Yanfei, WAN Fan, LIU Rongjun
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050328 -10. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050328
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Radome is a structural/functional component located in the front of aircraft with the function of heat resistance, wave-transmittance and load-bearing. The design and preparation of high performance radomes has become one of the bottlenecks in the development of new aircraft. 3D printing technology is a recently developed novel processing of additive manufacture, which is able to integrate complex structures. This techno-logy is prospective in the field of radome since it can overcome the limitations of traditional processes. In this review, the progress on 3D printing of radome techniques in terms of 3D printing radome mold, 3D printing sandwich structure, 3D printing radome materials and 3D printing equipment optimization are summarized, and the future development is also prospected.
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Research Progress on Gallium Nitride Materials for Aerospace Applications
JI Qizheng, WANG Yifan, HU Xiaofeng, LI Xingji, YANG Jianqun, LIU Shanghe
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050023 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050023
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Gallium nitride (GaN) materials have received extensive attention due to their excellent electrical properties and are expected to find important applications in aerospace engineering. In this paper, the characteristics of GaN materials are briefly expounded,and then the research status of GaN materials in high electron mobility transistors(AlGaN/GaN HEMTs), space solar cells, ultraviolet detectors (UV detectors) and other fields is reviewed and analyzed. Finally, the future development direction and suggestions are given from the perspectives of the development of new GaN devices, the evaluation of space environment adaptability, and the reinforcement of GaN devices.
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Research Progress of Mg
2
Si Phase Regulation in Magnesium-based Materials
KANG Jing, WANG Kun, JING Xuerui, WANG Yuye, WANG Shiwei, SUN Xin, XIAO Lyu, ZHOU Haitao
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22030308 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22030308
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Magnesium-based materials with in-situ Mg
2
Si reinforced phase have attracted much attention due to their low density, high strength, superior thermal stability and excellent wear resistance, which have widely used in aerospace, rail transportation and other fields. Conventional Mg
2
Si phase behaves quite coarse with sharp edges and corners, and it prefers to become the crack source during the processing, which significantly damages its strength and toughness. Therefore, it is highly required to regulate the size and distribution of the Mg
2
Si phase to improve the mechanical properties. Recently, various Mg
2
Si phase regulation technologies have been developed. In traditional casting, the morphology and size of Mg
2
Si phase are mainly controlled by modification treatment or melt treatment. The morphology of the primary Mg
2
Si phases was changed from the coarse dendrite and fishbone shape to polyhedral or granular shape through the regulation treatment, and that of the eutectic Mg
2
Si phases was transformed from character shape to fine fibers or short rods. Simultaneously, the phase was refined from hundreds of micrometers to tens of micrometers. The distribution of the regulated Mg
2
Si phases became more uniform, and the strength and toughness of the material were also improved. Additionally, nanoscale Mg
2
Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials with uniform dispersion and distribution can be obtained through the advanced technologies, such as sever plastic deformation, rapid solidification and powder metallurgy, with the mechanical properties significantly improved. This paper reviews the researches about the Mg
2
Si phase morphology and distribution, modification treatment and melt treatment in conventional cas-ting process, and summarizes the influence of the advanced regulation technologies on the microstructure and properties of Mg
2
Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials. The advantages and disadvantages of different regulation technologies are also analyzed. And the future development of Mg
2
Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials is prospected.
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Progress and Application of Spatial Stray Light Elimination Coating Materials with High Absorption Rate
PING Tuo, ZHANG Yifan, XUAN Wujing, ZHANG Yuxin
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040298 -12. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040298
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Spatial stray light elimination coating can effectively suppress stray lights by absorbing and weaking non-imaging sensitive light in the optical detector optical path in space.Hence, spatial stray lights elimination coating materials with high application rate are important for the design of space optical remote sensors.In this paper, the types and preparation technologies of typical spatial stray light elimination coating materials that have formed product applications at home and abroad were reviewed to point out the future development direction of spatial applications of stray light elimination materials and provide reference for more in-depth research on spatial stray light elimination coating materials with high absorption rate.
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Study on the Vacuum Tribological Performance of Polyamide-imide Bonded MoS
2
/SiO
x
Dry Film Lubricant Prepared by Sol-Gel Process
HUO Lixia, GOU Shining, GUO Fangjun, HE Ying, FENG Kai, ZHOU Hui, ZHANG Kaifeng
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050078 -5. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050078
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Anonaqueous sol-gel route is introduced to prepare polyamide-imide bonded MoS
2
/SiO
x
dry film lubricant, so as to improve the tribological performances of the lubricants which were used on the components of the spacecraft. The sol-gel process was started from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and KH-560 hydrolyzing in N,N-dimethylacetamide. After the solution mixing with polyamide-imide and MoS
2
, the paint of the dry film lubricant was sprayed onto the G95Cr18 substrate. The dry film lubricants were obtained by the curing of polyamide-imide and polycondensation of the sol-gel. The chemical composition of the dry film lubricants were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal properties of the dry film lubricants were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. A vacuum ball-on-disk friction and wear tester was used to evaluate the tribological behavior. The wear tracks were characterized by scanning electron microscope. Results show that some of the epoxy groups in the silica gel have reacted with the PAI binder. The silica element in the dry film lubricants showed uniform distribution. The SiO
x
grafted with PAI during the film lubricants curing, which increases the compatibility of the two phases. The thermal stability and the glass transition temperature of the film lubricants increased with increasing SiO
x
content. The wear resistance property was evidently enhanced when the amount of SiO
x
reached to 2.0wt%. The friction coefficient and worn rate in vacuum decreased profiting from the rolling effect of the SiO
x
and high strength of the film lubricants when the SiO
x
was introduced into the film.
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Research Process on Preparation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites by Reactive Melt Infiltration
FENG Shijie, SONG Huanjun, CHEN Haoran, SUN Yanan, YANG Xiaojian, ZHANG Baopeng, YANG Liangwei, LIU Wei
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050068 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050068
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Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) process have attracted extensive attention because of the advantages of short cycle, low cost and high density. In this paper, the research progress of porous low-density C/C substrate structure, matrix modification composition and preparation process affecting the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites by RMI is reviewed. The results show that the mechanical and anti-oxidation ablation performance of the composites can be significantly improved by optimizing the carbon matrix type, carbon fiber preform structure, substrate density and pore structure. By introducing functional components into C/C composites through matrix modification technology, the oxidation, ablation and abrasion resistance of C/C composites can be significantly improved. The composites with good comprehensive properties can be prepared by optimizing the infiltration process, such as adjusting the infiltration temperature and time, and selecting the appropriate type of infiltrants. Finally, the main problem and potential research directions in the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites by RMI process are pointed out.
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Research Progress of Flexible Sandwich Structure Materials with Metal-rubber Damping Core
XUE Xin, WU Fang, ZHENG Chao, WEI Yuhan, CHEN Xiaochao, BAI Hongbai
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040029 -11. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040029
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Flexible sandwich structure materials with metal-rubber damping core have the advantages with stable basic wire material, high damping, combined stiffness and flexibility, low-cost production and so on. Due to the special microstructure with space woven wire mesh, they can exhibit excellent dry friction damping characteristics and thermal protective performances. It is vital for the defense and high-level components serving in complex or extreme conditions. However, the key problems including the poor consistence between fabrication technology and mechanical performance, and the unsure relationship between microstructure and performance have not been solved. This hampers the performance optimization and mass production application of flexible sandwich structure materials. In this paper, the research progress of flexible sandwich structure materials with metal-rubber damping core is comprehensively reported. The typical microstructures of metallic wire mesh, woven processes, macroscopic and mesoscopic constitutive models, numerical modelling technologies, full-field measuring technologies and some engineering applications are introduced. The manufacturing problems and thermo-vibration responses are decomposed respectively. The research prospects and potential applications on the extended structure materials are presented.
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Research Process on Aerogel Materials Used for Aviation and Aerospace
XING Yue, JING Zhiyuan, CHEN Yongxiong, REN Sue, LIANG Xiubing
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22010024 -15. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22010024
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Recently, China and USA and other countries have achieved tremendous process in the aviation and aerospace industry.The manned spacecrafts, such as ‘Shenzhou ⅩⅢ' of China and ‘Dragon spacecraft' of Space X and ‘New Shepard' of Blue Origin of the USA, have been successfully launched, signifying that the human exploration of space is entering a new era.Obviously, these achievements are closely related the rapid development of the industry of materials with high performance.‘One generation of materials, one generation of technology and one generation of equipment' as the famous aphorism points out, the understanding, researching, development and usage of materials as the basic, primitive and most essential driving force in the history of human society play a crucial role in promoting the development of the defense of the whole country.Aerogel, a kind of lightweight porous material, has attracted more and more attention in the aviation and aerospace industry because of its high efficiency thermal insulation property.In this paper, the research progress of oxides aerogels (such as SiO
2
, Al
2
O
3
and ZrO
2
aerogels) and non-oxide aerogels (such as carbon, carbide and boride aerogels) in the aviation and aerospace industry is reviewed.The molecular structure design, preparation methods, thermodynamic properties and other aspects of aerogel materials are mainly discussed in detail in order to provide beneficial advice and suggestion concerning related basic scientific research in this aspect.
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Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Flexile Aerogel Materials
SHI Jianjun, WANG Wei, ZHU Wei, LIANG Ke, KONG Lei, YANG Yunhua, ZHU Shipeng, ZHANG Ying, LI Yu
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040393 -9. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040393
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Aerogel is a nano-scale porous solid material, which has the advantages of high specific surface area, extremely high porosity, extremely low density and extremely low thermal conductivity, but also has the problems of high brittleness and poor flexibility. In recent years, flexible aero-gels with prominent compression-resilience properties and flexural resistance have overcome the shortcomings of poor flexibility of traditional aerogels, and thus receive extensive attentions. This review firstly summarizes the types of flexible aerogels according to the components, including silicon oxide-based flexible aerogel, carbon-based flexible aerogel, biomass-based flexible aerogel and fibrous-based aerogel. Then, the related traditional preparation methods, such as sol-gel, aging, drying and so on, and also the differences in properties produced by different preparation processes have been systematically summarized. Furthermore, the applications of flexible aerogels in different fields such as environmental protection, optics, biomedicine, flexible electronic sensors and aerospace have been introduced. Finally, the development of flexible aerogels has been summarized and prospected.
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Electron/Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation Effect and Mechanism Analysis of Polyimide Aerogel Materials
SUN Chengyue, GUO Xinxin, WU You, CAO Zhengli, WANG Hao, JU Dandan, WANG Yan, WU Yiyong
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040378 -8. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040378
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The discussion about the scathing behavior and performance degradation law of aerogel porous materials in multifactorial space irradiation environment is integral to tap its potentials in space application, thereupon then to provide a trustworthy theoretical rationale for prediction on orbit application. Herein, the research of electronic and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation effects and damage mechanism of the material was conducted by comparing the thermal stability and thermal conductivity of as-grown and irradiated polyimide (PI) aerogels, combining with modern material analysis technology. The results showed that ionization damage and degradation of PI aerogel occurred under both 170 keV and 1 MeV electron radiation, along with the reduction content of C-O. Further, 170 keV electron radiation triggered charging-discharging effect, resulting in the damage of the microstructure and reducing its specific surface area by 16.6%. VUV could activate the surface of PI aerogel, and oxygen content increased up to 61.45%, while the content of C=O and C-O increased simultaneously compared with original sample. No significantly change in thermal stability and thermal conductivity of PI aerogel was observed under electron irradiation and VUV irradiation.
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Research on Preparation and Property of Polyimide Aerogel and Its Thin Composite
LEI Yaofei, SHEN Yuxin, AI Sufen, DONG Wei, CHEN Hao, ZHANG Pengfei, LIU Jia
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040282 -4. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040282
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Thermal insulation materials with low thermal conductivity and flexibility are urgently needed in spacecraft and advanced weapons. Because of bad mechanical property, high brittleness and inflexibility, typical silica-based, alumina-based and carbon-based inorganic aerogel thermal insulation materials cannot meet thermal insulation requirements in narrow space and curved surface. Compared with inorganic aerogel, polyimide (PI) aerogel has excellent mechanical properties, flexibility and low thermal conductivity, which makes it have broad application prospect in the field of flexible thermal insulation. In this work, PI aerogel and their composites were prepared by sol-gel method and supercritical drying techno-logy. The research shows that the density of PI aerogel is as low as 0.032 g/cm
3
, that thermal stability is good, and that thermal conductivity is 0.025 8 W/(m·K). The thermal conductivity of thin PI aerogel composites is 0.023 0 W/(m·K), which is comparable to the thermal insulation performance of inorganic aerogel composites. Moreover, the thin PI aerogel composites exhibit good flexibility. This study gives the first report on thin flexible PI aerogel composites.
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Research on Electron Beam Irradiation Effect of Poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) Fiber
WANG Fang, WU Yadong, JU Dandan, WU Yiyong, SUN Chengyue
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22050038 -5. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22050038
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PBO fiber has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, flame resistance and light weight. It is known as ‘super performance fiber in the 21st century'. The application prospect of PBO fiber is very broad, especially in the field of aerospace. Considering the damage of aerospace materials caused by charged particle irradiation, which may lead to the decline of polymer properties, the research on the performance damage of PBO mainly focuses on the direction of UV irradiation at present. Based on this, the damage behavior of PBO fiber induced by electron irradiation was studied. The irradiation dose was selected through simulation calculation, and the fiber samples irradiated with different fluences were obtained. The results of SEM, FTIR and XRD show that the surface of PBO fiber was etched and the crystallization properties changed with the progress of electron irradiation. The mechanical properties test show that the strength of PBO fiber decreased after electron irradiation. The relevant results show that space charged particle irradiation can significantly activate PBO fiber and change its properties, which provides a certain theoretical basis and reference value for expanding its application in the next step.
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Study on Chemical Deposition Technology of Conductive Metal Layer on Polyimide Film Surface
WANG Nan, BAI Jingying, LI Jiafeng, FENG Li, XU Junjie, HE Yanlong, DONG Junwei, CUI Qingxin, ZHANG Ligong
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22030280 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22030280
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In order to make the polyimide (PI) film material have good surface conductivity and meet its application in aerospace fields, like radar antenna, the highly chemically inert PI material on the surface was modified by alkaline etching, and the metal layers on the surface of PI film were then deposited by electroless copper plating technology. The microstructure of the PI film before and after surface modification, as well as properties of surface metal layer on PI film was characterized by SEM, XRD, AFM, FTIR and so on. After alkaline etching at room temperature, there is a staggered and evenly distributed protrusion morphology with dendritic and rivet structures on the surface of PI. However, the PI film surface etched at 60 ℃ presents pits with different sizes and depths of etching holes, and the hydrophilicity of the PI film surface is enhanced after etc-hing. The metal layers on the surface of PI film behave uniform and dense, with good conductivity and good adhesion with PI film substrate. The staggered protrusion structure on the surface of PI film after modification provides a good deposition and intercalation junction point for the nucleation and crystallization of the metal layer on the surface of PI film, forming a superior interface interlock between the metal layers and the PI substrate, so as to benefit the metal layer with high bonding force on the surface of PI film. This work realizes the preparation of metal layer with high conductivity and superior bonding force on the PI surface under alkaline etching, and can provide technical support for the application of polyimide in aerospace fields.
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Research on Space Environment Adaptability of Polyimide Fiber with High-strength and High-modulus and Analysis of Its Application Prospects in Aerospace Field
YANG Chuanchao, XU Hongjie, TIAN Guofeng, ZHANG Jingjing, GAO Hong, ZHUO Hang, ZHANG Mengying, ZHAN Jiayu, WU Dezhen
Materials Reports
2022,36(22 ):22040361 -5. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22040361
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Polyimide (PI) fiber with high-strength and high-modulus is a new type of high-performance organic fiber that has emerged in recent years.It has excellent mechanical properties, high and low temperature resistance, low dielectric, high insulation, high flame retardant, radiation resistance and other comprehensive properties, which makes it show broad application prospects in aerospace, aviation, safety protection, nuc-lear industry and other fields.Focusing on the application requirements of PI fiber with high-strength and high-modulus in the aerospace field, especially the application characteristics in the space environment, this work analyzes its performance in extreme temperature, alternating temperature, particle irradiation, high vacuum and long-term load environment.The adaptability of its space environment is preliminarily assessed in order to provide a design basis for related applications.The research results show that the PI fibers with high-strength and high-modulus exhibit excellent mechanical properties, high and low temperature resistance, particle irradiation resistance, and creep resistance.The tensile strength and tensile modulus can still reach 1.55 GPa and 27.74 GPa at 350 ℃, and the retention rate of tensile properties is higher than 98% after 1.0×10
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rad (Si) dose particle irradiation.In addition, combined with the comprehensive performance of PI fibers, the application prospect of PI fibers in the aerospace field is prospected.
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