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Research Progress of Synthetic Polypeptides Materials
YANG Fangping, SONG Ziyuan, YIN Lichen, TANG Haoyu, CHENG Jianjun
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21080287 -18. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21080287
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Synthetic polypeptides from the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) are a type of natural protein mimics. The unique features of these synthetic polypeptides, including the chemical diversity of amino acids, the unique self-assembly structures and conformation transition, and the desired biological activity and good biocompatibility, enable their broad biological applications. The new ROP method represented by auto-accelerated cooperative covalent polymerization provides a new direction for the efficient preparation of polypeptide materials. Additionally, polypeptides with α-helical or β-sheet conformations can be used as building blocks for self-assembly, forming unique chiral and nanomaterials, which benefit the research on structural and functional biomimetics and biomedical applications. The conformational transitions of polypeptide materials, triggered by pH, light, heat, redox, etc, are always accompanied by the changes in their physical pro-perties (such as hydrophobicity), chemical structures (such as charge reversion), and biological activity (such as cytotoxicity), offering a new strategy for materials to adapt to the changes of biological microenvironment and targeted delivery. As a result, polypeptide materials have shown great potentials in biological applications such as antibacterial, antifouling, antitumor, gene delivery, tissue engineering, and immune regulation. This review offers a retrospection of the research process of synthetic polypeptides materials, which covered advanced preparation methods, assembly structure, conformation transition, and biological applications. In order to provide reference for the further research of synthetic polypeptides, we also raised some important questions for this field.
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The Applications and Research Progress of Polymeric Medical Tissue Adhesives
SUN Wen, YAN Qiuyan, SU Chao, LUAN Shifang, YIN Jinghua
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21090149 -17. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21090149
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The polymer medical tissue adhesive has received extensive attention in the medical field due to its excellent performance, and are widely used in a variety of medical settings ranging from minor to life-threatening tissue injuries. Compared to the traditional methods of wound closure (i.e., suturing and stapling), they are relatively easy to use, enable rapid application, and introduce minimal tissue damage. Polymeric tissue adhesives can provide versatile materials for wound management, and can be used as hemostatic agents, adhesives and sealants. Despite their numerous current applications, tissue adhesives still face several limitations and unresolved challenges (e.g., weak wet adhesion strength and poor biological function). Successful development of next-generation adhesives will likely require a holistic understanding of the chemical and physical properties of the tissue-adhesive interface, fundamental mechanisms of tissue adhesion, and requirements for specific clinical applications. In this review, we discussed the basic design principles and wet adhesion mechanism of tissue adhesives. Based on the consideration of tissue specificity, we introduced the latest research progress in this field and looked forward to the potential functions and clinical needs of tissue adhesives in the future, hoping to provide a valuable reference for the progress in the field of tissue adhesive.
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Research Progress of Starch Absorbable Hemostatic Materials
LIU Jia, NIU Jiarong, JIN Xin, ZHU Zhengtao, WANG Wenyu
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21100136 -8. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21100136
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Excessive bleeding is a common emergency in military and everyday life. The control of bleeding not only depends on its own hemostatic mechanism, but also requires external hemostatic intervention, so it is necessary to develop a low-cost, non-toxic and biocompatible hemostatic agent. Starch has become a popular hemostatic material because of its special surface area, wide sources, non-immunogenicity and absorption by the human body. This paper mainly reviews three kinds of hemostatic forms: starch hemostatic powder, starch hemostatic sponge and starch hemostatic gel, and summarizes the future development trend.
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Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescent Materials for Biomedical Applications
DING Meijuan, SHI Huifang, AN Zhongfu
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):22010004 -11. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22010004
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In recent years, pure organic room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have received extensive attention from researchers due to their long-excited state lifetime, large Stokes shift, and rich excited state properties. Compared with heavy metal complexes or inorganic phosphorescent materials, organic phosphorescent materials have a wide range of raw materials, low cost, mild synthesis conditions, light weight, flexibility, large area preparation, and many other advantages. Thus, RTP materials show great potential in the field of data encryption, sensing, organic electroluminescence, biological imaging and others.
Organic phosphorescent materials have the characteristics of long-lived luminescence and triplet emission. The use of time-resolved technology can effectively eliminate the background fluorescence interference of biological tissues, which greatly improves the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of biosensing and imaging. And through the TTA process with triplet oxygen, it is expected to realize the application of such materials in biological fields such as photodynamic anticancer and antibacterial. Moreover, pure organic phosphorescent materials do not have the toxicity from heavy metals. Therefore, pure organic phosphorescent materials have achieved good applications in biological fields such as biological imaging and cancer treatment. In this review, we summarized the research progress of organic room temperature phosphorescence in biological applications, including bioimaging, biosensing, photodynamic anticancer, antibacterial, etc. Finally, we propose the problems and outlook in this field.
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Recent Advances in Smart Molecular Probes for Tumor Theranostics
YE Shuyue, FENG Yali, SHI Haibin
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21120202 -15. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21120202
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Since scientist Goodman and Gilmanat Yale University accidentally discovered that compound nitrogen mustard can suppress lymphoma in mice bearing lymphatic cancer, a new chapter in chemotherapy of cancers has been opened. To date, many drugs have been explored and successfully used for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors in clinics, but most of them encounter the problems such as poor biocompatibility, large side effect, and drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel theranostic drugs for effective cancer diagnosis and treatment. Recently, developing smart probes for tumor theranostics has gradually aroused great interest of scientists. Currently, a large number of stimuli-responsive probes for tumor imaging and treatment were designed and prepared choosing certain tumor microenvironment factors (acidic, environment, enzymes, redox special, hypoxia and signal molecule, etc) and exogenous fields (light, radiation and ultrasound, etc). Many researches have demonstrated these probes not only improve the theranostic efficacy, but also significantly reduce the toxic and side effect to the body, realizing the precise diagnosis and treatment of tumors. We mainly introduce the development of molecular probes for tumor theranostics in this paper, and summarize the application advances of smart probes in tumor theranostic in the past two years. Finally, a prospective for the future development direction and vision of stimulus-responsive probes in the field of cancer theranostics was also given.
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Promoting the Innovative Development of Biomaterials Based on the Industry Demand
XU Xiujuan, YANG Fengyi, HUANG Wanqing, ZHU Yuhong, LIANG Xiaozheng, LIU Xiaoqin, YAN Mei,
ZHOU Hang, LI Xiaozhou, ZHAO Wanlu, AI Hua
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):22010204 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22010204
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Based on the review of the development status of biomaterials science and industry in China, this paper briefly analyzes the path of innovative development of biomaterials industry in China and the measures promoting the development of Chinese biomaterials science and industry taken by the Chinese Society for Biomaterials, which gives full play to its academic leading role, undertaking the transferring of government functions and establishing the industrial innovation service centers. This paper aims to provide reference for promoting the innovative development of biomaterials and medical devices in China.
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Antibacterial Activity of Quaternized Chitosan Modified ZnO/Attapulgite Nanocomposites
HUI Aiping, MA Mengting, YANG Fangfang, KANG Yuru, WANG Aiqin
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21110131 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21110131
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One-dimensional nanorods of attapulgite (APT) have broad applications prospects in functional carriers. In this work, APT as a carrier to load ZnO nanoparticles, and quaternized chitosan was used to modify the surface charge of ZnO/APT nanocomposites to enhance antibacterial activity. The structure analysis of ZnO/APT nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDS and BET, the quaterni-zed chitosan modified ZnO/APT were characterized by FTIR and Zeta potential. The results indicated that ZnO nanoparticles were evenly loaded on the surface of APT, and also the nanocomposites were successfully modified by quaternized chitosan. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results indicated that 5% quaternized chitosan modified ZnO/APT nanocomposites were 0.25 mg/mL for
Staphylococcus aureus
and 0.5 mg/mL for
Escherichia coli
, respectively. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity test showed that the survival rate of quaternized chitosan modified ZnO/APT to HeLa cells was more than 97.3%, which displayed good biocompatibility.
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Injectable Temperature- and Glucose-responsive Composite Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Insulin at Physiological pH
HU Danna, JU Xiaojie, XIE Rui, WANG Wei, LIU Zhuang, CHU Liangyin
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21040234 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21040234
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The Alg-
g
-PNA/Alg-
g
-PNIPAM injectable composite hydrogel system, which can respond to glucose at physiological pH, is successfully prepared in this work. The temperature- and glucose-responsive properties of the composite system are studied. The results show that the composite system is in the sol state at 10 ℃, and turns into the gel state at 37 ℃. The low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the composite system increases gradually with the increase of glucose concentration at pH=7.4, and the glucose response is good. The hydrodynamic properties of the composite system are investigated. The results show that the composite system has good thermal reversibility and self-healing property. Finally, the in vitro drug release performance of the composite system is investigated. The results show that the cumulative insulin release percentages from the composite system at high glucose concentrations are much higher than that at low glucose concentrations within 48 h. And the composite gel can also adapt to the circulation between high blood sugar and normal blood sugar. The composite system can realize the sol-gel phase transition only through simple ambient temperature or glucose concentration stimulation and can respond to blood glucose timely at physiological temperature and pH, which provides a new strategy for the development of self-regulating insulin delivery system based on blood glucose response.
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Study on pH Responsive Nanomedicine in Chemo-photothermal Synergistic Therapy of Tumor
TANG Zhaomin, TIAN Weijun
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):21120187 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21120187
Abstract
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Chemotherapy (CT) combined with photothermal therapy (PTT) is an effective combination for the treatment of tumor. Herein, we deve-loped a subcellular-targeted NIR-responsive nanomedicine Fe
3
O
4
@PDA-TPP/S
2
-PEG-hyd-DOX (abbreviated as Fe
3
O
4
-ATSPD) as a new photothermal agent, the intracellular uptake of which can be enhanced by magnetic targeting. Under the near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the photothermal effect can be realized from the polydopamine photosensitizer, leading to a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Simultaneously, the conjugated drugs released by low pH in endo/lysosome cause nucleus DNA damage and lead to apoptosis. This subcellular-targeted NIR-responsive nanomedicine with efficient integration of diagnosis and therapy, could significantly enhance cancer treatment by combination of chemotherapy and PTT.
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Synthesis and Characterization of New Biodegradable Tissue Adhesive Materials
LIU Jimin, ZHU Huimin, PAN Jian, SONG Liya, LIU Shan, HUA Yabing, SHI Rui, XU Liang
Materials Reports
2022,36(3 ):20120176 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.20120176
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This paper designed and synthesized a kind of polymerizable and curable tissue adhesive materials with good biodegradability. The material is a monomer molecule before use, and it is liquid at room temperature. The monomer structure is composed of monomeric oligolactic acid (OLA) fragments and cyanoacrylate (CA) functional groups. When coming into contact with body tissues, monomers can undergo intermolecular polymerization through CA functional groups to form comb polymers and produce adhesion. The OLA side chain structure in the polymer can give good biocompatibility and degradability. Two monomers, OLA
4
-CA and OLA
4
B-CA, with carboxyl or benzyl groups at the ends of OLA were synthesized. The chemical structure of the monomers was determined by
1
H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the shear tensile strength and curing times were used to characterize tissue adhesion. Polymer molecular weight and polymer degradation in
vivo
and in
vitro
was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography, with biocompatibility determined using implantation tests. In addition, the bacteriostatic properties of the material were tested by inhibition zone test in
vitro
. The results show that the target monomer is synthesized successfully and the synthesized monomer polymerized and solidified within 3 min following tissue contact and produced effective adhesion.Degradation of the polymer was related to the terminal carboxyl structure of the side chain OLA segment, with the preferred OLA
4
-CA polymer completely degraded and absorbed within 12 h after implantation in a mouse model; this indicated good biocompatibility. In addition, the
in vitro
inhibition zone test showed concentration-dependent antibacterial activity of material. This polymerizable material is expected to be used in the development of new wound dressings and tissue adhesive materials.
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