| INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sensitivity Analysis of Morphological Deviation to Process Parameters in Windshield Glass Forming |
| XU Shaokun1, WANG Kejian1,*, XU Chi2, OU Yingchun2
|
1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2 China Building Materials Academy, Beijing 100024, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Key process parameters in windshield glass forming significantly impact the final product′s quality. There is no systematic study on the sensitivity of morphological deviation to process parameters in windshield glass forming. This paper first analyzed the mechanism behind the morphological deviation of the windshield, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the forming process. Then, the cooling stage of the forming process was simulated by the finite element method. The effects of the mold expansion coefficient, holding force, annealing temperature, and annealing rate on the morphological deviation were studied. The results show that a smaller difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between the mold and the glass leads to a significant reduction in the morphological deviation of the windshield. During annealing, the application of a hol-ding force reduces the morphological deviation as the force magnitude increases. However, once the glass transitions into its elastic state, excessive holding force may lead to fracture. Annealing performed within the temperature range below the transition point effectively minimizes morphological deviation. Within this range, the specific annealing temperature and cooling rate have a comparatively minor influence on the final deviation.
|
|
Published: 10 August 2026
Online: 2026-08-31
|
|
|
|
|
1 Rezaei M, Arezoo B, Ziaei-Rad S.The Aeronautical Journal, 2024, 128(1328), 2235.
2 Barimani-Varandi A, Nasrabadi M K, Ravan B A, et al. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 2021, 43(2), 59.
3 Rezaei M, Arezoo B, Ziaei-Rad S. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2024, 184, 104811.
4 Serbena F C, Zanotto E D. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2012, 358(6-7), 975.
5 Xie D, Lv F, Yang Y, et al. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering:Additive Manufacturing Frontiers, 2022, 1(3), 100039.
6 Jain A, Yi A Y. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2005, 88(3), 530.
7 Ananthasayanam B, Joseph P F, Joshi D, et al. Journal of Thermal stresses, 2012, 35(6), 550.
8 Kim S, Kang B. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2025, 142, 269.
9 Zhou J, Li M, Hu Y, et al. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2014, 136(5), 051004.
10 Joshi D. Thermo-mechanical characterization of glass and its effect on predictions of stress state, birefringence and fracture in precision glass molded lenses. Ph. D. Thesis, Clemson University, USA, 2014.
11 Zhao H, Gain A K, Li Z, et al. Wear, 2023, 524, 204847.
12 Zhang M, Li R, Wu Y, et al. Building and Environment, 2021, 188, 107482.
13 Haldimann M. Fracture strength of structural glass elements:analytical and numerical modelling, testing and design. Ph. D. Thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Swiss Confederation, 2006.
14 Mohammed R Y. Materials, 2021, 14(22), 6748.
15 Du X, Yang Z, Jin Z, et al. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2019, 136, 610. |
|
|
|
渝公网安备50019002502923号 © Editorial Office of Materials Reports.
2026, Vol. 40 
