MATERIALS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY MATERIALS AND MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION |
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Progress on Application of Ferrate(Ⅵ) for the Environmental Remediation |
LI Yihao, WU Pingxiao, JIANG Lu, WU Yixiao
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School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China |
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Abstract Ferrate (Fe(Ⅵ)) has been widely employed due to its oxidant/disinfectant and further utilization of the ensuing Fe(Ⅲ) oxides/hydroxide as coagulants in environmental remediation. Therefore, this review diverse synthesis recipes for Fe(Ⅵ) and their associated physicochemical properties as oxidants, coagulants, and disinfectants for the elimination of a diverse range of chemical and biological species from water/wastewater samples. These introduces involve: (1) Preparation and characteristics of ferrate. (2) The role of pH in the kinetics of the reactions and in determining the removal efficiency of pollutants is highlighted; the rates of competing reactions of Fe(Ⅵ) with itself, water, and the contaminants, which are highly pH dependent, determine the optimum pH ranges of maximum efficacy. (3) Oxidation mechanism of Fe(Ⅵ) through 1-e- and 2-e- transfer processes and further reactions of Fe(Ⅴ) and Fe(Ⅳ) with contaminants; the reduction products Fe(Ⅴ) and Fe(Ⅳ) can continue to react with pollutants through 1-e- and 2-e- electron transfer; cyanide has been studied for the comparative oxidizing capability of ferrates in various oxidation states. The result suggests the rates for the reactivity of ferrates with cyanide to be Fe(Ⅴ)>Fe(Ⅳ)>Fe(Ⅵ). (4) Fe(Ⅵ) can oxidize cell wall, protoplasm, DNA and other vital microorganism organs which kills them immediately. Meanwhile, Fe(Ⅵ) is gradually converted to Fe(Ⅲ) which is a strong coagulant, therefore, colloidal particles including the microorganisms are coagulated and removed from the water. (5) The high reactivity of most EDCs and PPCPs with ferrate(Ⅵ) may be attributed to electron donation by the specific group to the naphthalene moiety. (6) Ames and zebrafish embryos test indicate that Fe(Ⅵ) do not produce mutagenic by products for the study conditions. These results will make it possible to unlock the true potential of ferrates for degrading emerging toxins and pollutants, and in the purified and potable water for humanity in the 21st.
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Published: 05 November 2020
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Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41673092,41472038), the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(2016B020242004), the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou City(201604020064) and the Guangdong Special Support Program for Millions of Leading Engineering Talents(201626011). |
About author:: Yihao Li received his MFA in Environmental Biotechnology from Donghua University in 2017. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at the School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology under the supervision of Prof. Pingxiao Wu. His research has focused on the application of ferrate in environmental remediation. 李义豪,2017年3月毕业于东华大学,获得工学硕士学位。现为华南理工大学环境与能源学院博士研究生,在吴平霄教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究方向为高铁酸盐在环境修复中的应用。 Pingxiao Wu received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from Nanjing University, China University of Geosciences and Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1990, 1995, and 1998, respectively. After two-year postdoctoral research at South China Agricultural University, he is currently a full professor in South China University of Technology. His research focuses on the application of functional clay minerals in environmental remediation. In recent years, numerous research papers have been published in top journals, including Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Environment International, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Chemical Engineering Journal, Science of the Total Environment, etc. |
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