Please wait a minute...
材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (5): 25020109-13    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25020109
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
基于涡电流分选的报废汽车有色金属材料回收研究现状与发展趋势
贾有东1,2, 刘剑雄1,*, 李欣治2, 孙婷2, 姚思博3,4, 李正芳2, 曾家兴1
1 昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明 650500;
2 昆明学院机电工程学院,昆明 650214;
3 东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,沈阳 110819;
4 航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室,沈阳 110819
Research Status and Development Trends of Eddy Current Separation in Non-ferrous Metals Recycling from End-of-life Vehicles
JIA Youdong1,2, LIU Jianxiong1,*, LI Xinzhi2, SUN Ting2, YAO Sibo3,4, LI Zhengfang2, ZENG Jiaxing1
1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
2 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China;
3 School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
4 Key Laboratory of Aviation Power Equipment Vibration and Control, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110819, China
下载:  全 文 ( PDF ) ( 53952KB ) 
输出:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 随着全球汽车保有量的持续增长,报废汽车数量逐年上升,有色金属的高效回收已成为资源再利用和环保领域的重要任务。统计数据显示,报废汽车中有色金属(如铝、铜等)的回收率逐年提高,这些金属在资源循环利用中的重要性日益凸显。传统的金属回收方法主要依赖人工分选和物理分离技术,虽然能够回收部分金属,但在分选效率、回收精度和处理速度方面仍存在显著不足。涡电流分选技术因其高效、精确的分选能力,广泛应用于铝、铜等有色金属的分离。然而,尽管该技术在实际应用中取得了显著成效,但在处理低电导率金属和复杂合金时仍面临一定的局限性。本文综述了涡电流分选技术在报废汽车有色金属回收中的应用现状与挑战,分析了其优缺点,并对未来技术的发展方向进行了展望。通过深入探讨当前技术的局限性,本文旨在为涡电流分选技术的进一步发展和优化提供理论支持,并推动其在金属回收领域的广泛应用。
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
贾有东
刘剑雄
李欣治
孙婷
姚思博
李正芳
曾家兴
关键词:  报废汽车  有色金属  金属回收技术  涡电流分选  资源循环利用  金属分选    
Abstract: With the continuous increase in global vehicle ownership, the number of end-of-life vehicles has been rising annually. The efficient recycling of nonferrous metals has emerged as a critical task in resource reuse and environmental protection. Statistical data reveal a steady increase in the recovery rate of nonferrous metals, such as aluminum and copper, from scrapped vehicles, underscoring their growing significance in resource circularity. Coventional metal recycling methods predominantly rely on manual sorting and physical separation techniques. While these methods can recover some metals, they exhibit notable deficiencies in sorting efficiency, recovery accuracy, and processing speed. Eddy current separation technology, renowned for its high efficiency and precision in separating nonferrous metals like aluminum and copper, has found extensive applications. Despite its remarkable achievements in practical implementation, this technology confronts limitations when dealing with metals of low electrical conductivity and complex alloys. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current applications and challenges of eddy current separation technology in the recycling of nonferrous metals from end-of-life vehicles. The technology's advantages and disadvantages were analyzed and perspectives on its future development directions were offered. By delving into the existing limitations, this paper aims to provide theoretical support for the further advancement and optimization of eddy current separation technology and facilitate its broader adoption in the metal recycling industry.
Key words:  end-of-life vehicle    nonferrous metal    metal recycling method    eddy current separation    resource circularity    separating metal
出版日期:  2026-03-10      发布日期:  2026-03-10
ZTFLH:  TB31  
  TP29  
  TP391.4  
  X76  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52065034;51505119);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(N2303002);云南省智能物流装备与系统重点实验室(202449CE340008);云南省沈卫明院士工作站(202505AF350084)
通讯作者:  *魏智磊,博士,西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院讲师。目前主要从事多孔陶瓷及其复合材料的应用基础研究。weizhilei@xjtu.edu.cn
史忠旗,博士,西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。目前主要从事热管理用陶瓷及复合材料方面的研究。zhongqishi@xjtu.edu.cn   
作者简介:  贾有东,昆明理工大学机械设计及理论专业博士研究生,昆明学院机电工程学院教师,在刘剑雄教授的指导下进行研究。主要研究方向为机器视觉技术和人工智能算法在非磁性金属材料分选领域的应用。
引用本文:    
贾有东, 刘剑雄, 李欣治, 孙婷, 姚思博, 李正芳, 曾家兴. 基于涡电流分选的报废汽车有色金属材料回收研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(5): 25020109-13.
JIA Youdong, LIU Jianxiong, LI Xinzhi, SUN Ting, YAO Sibo, LI Zhengfang, ZENG Jiaxing. Research Status and Development Trends of Eddy Current Separation in Non-ferrous Metals Recycling from End-of-life Vehicles. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(5): 25020109-13.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25020109  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I5/25020109
1 George M B. Assessing end of life vehicles' environmental management systems in Kenya, the case of Nairobi city county waste management streams. Ph. D. Thesis, South Eastern Kenya University, USA, 2023.
2 Modoi O C, Mihai F C. Energies, 2022, 15(3), 1120.
3 Trang N T N, Li Y. In: 2022 International Conference on Resource Sustainability. China, 2023, pp. 200128.
4 Wang Z G. The research of the collection management on end-of-life vehicles. Ph. D. Thesis, Shanghai University, China, 2020(in Chinese).
王治国. 报废汽车回收管理若干问题研究. 博士学位论文, 上海大学, 2020.
5 Li Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, et al. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2022, 31, 818.
6 Ren S, Huang Z, Bao Y, et al. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 899, 165498.
7 Liu G F, Tian T T, Liu Y R. China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(2), 691(in Chinese).
刘光富, 田婷婷, 刘嫣然. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(2), 691.
8 Dai T J, Wang W J, Liu R. Resources Science, 2017, 39(10), 1942(in Chinese).
戴铁军, 王婉君, 刘瑞. 资源科学, 2017, 39(10), 1942.
9 中国网. 商务部, 2019全国回收报废车辆229. 5万辆同比增15. 3%, 2020-04-09.
10 Sumantran V, Fine C, Gonsalvez D. Faster, smarter, greener, the future of the car and urban mobility, MIT Press, England, 2017, pp. 91.
11 Papadimitriou D, Duysinx P. A review of the main trends in the automotive sector at horizon 2030 in the Great Region. 2022.
12 Leach F, Molden N. Critical mass, the one thing you need to know about green cars, SAE International, USA, 2024.
13 Wu X D, Zhang W K. Heliyon, 2024, 10(20), e38576
14 Ying X, Wang S Y, Yang Y Y. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2024, 39(7), 1226.
应雄, 汪寿阳, 杨宇瑶. 中国科学院院刊, 2024, 39(7), 1226.
15 中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 商务部等8部门办公厅关于做好2025年汽车以旧换新工作的通知(商办消费函〔2025〕8号), 2025.
16 Agboneni O, Ejilah I R, Viza E, et al. Towards safer automotive practices and sustainable end-of-life vehicle management in the Nigerian automotive service sector. 2023.
17 Prochatzki G, Mayer R, Haenel J, et al. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 425, 138787.
18 Gutschi A. End-of-life vehicle recycling in the European Union, analysing changing material flows of end-of-life steel, aluminum, copper and plastics due to the transition toward zero-emission vehicles. Ph. D. Thesis, E017 - TU Wien Academy, Austria, 2022.
19 Li X B, Zhou J, Wang S F, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2017, 27(6), 1236(in Chinese).
李夕兵, 周健, 王少锋, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2017, 27(6), 1236.
20 Liu Z P, Guo Y Q, Jiang Y, et al. China Mining Magazine, 2024, 33(S2), 6(in Chinese).
刘招平, 郭云清, 蒋颖, 等. 中国矿业, 2024, 33(S2), 6.
21 Hong W Z, Hai W S, Ji L S, et al. Engineering Construction Technology, 2024, 2(5), 106(in Chinese).
洪文张, 海伟宋, 吉亮邵, 等. 工程施工技术, 2024, 2(5), 106.
22 Gao X, Zhao A C, Wang H, et al. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2024, 15(5), 684.
高旭, 赵爱春, 王晔, 等. 有色金属科学与工程, 2024, 15(5), 684.
23 Sun J H. Frontiers of International Accounting, 2024(13), 893(in Chinese).
孙佳慧. Frontiers of International Accounting, 2024(13), 893.
24 Xue L L, et al. Toward“NET ZERO”Emissions in the road transport sector in China, 2021.
薛露露, 靳雅娜, 禹如杰, 等. 中国道路交通 2050年“净零” 排放路径研究, 2021.
25 Bright Network. In 2024, the number of end-of-life motor vehicle recycling in China reached 8. 46 million, an increase of 64% year-on-year, 2025-01-08.
光明网. 2024年全国报废机动车回收量达846万辆同比增长64%, 2025-01-08.
26 Smith Y R, Nagel J R, Rajamani R K. Minerals Engineering, 2019, 133, 149.
27 Zhang L, Xu Z. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 127, 19.
28 Oke E A, Potgieter H. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2024, 26(3), 1277.
29 Kaya M. Waste Management, 2016, 57, 64.
30 Regel-Rosocka M. Physical Sciences Reviews, 2018, 3(5), 20180020.
31 Islam A, Ahmed T, Awual M R, et al. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244, 118815.
32 Debnath B, Chowdhury R, Ghosh S K. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2018, 12, 1.
33 Yuan W J, Tu J S, Li Y H, et al. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2021, 12(5), 18(in Chinese).
袁蔚景, 凃杰松, 李银华, 等. 有色金属科学与工程, 2021, 12(5), 18.
34 Yu D S, Li M B, Wang J C, et al. Materials Reports, 2015, 29(3), 31.
余敦菘, 李明波, 王俊超, 等. 材料导报, 2015, 29(3), 31.
35 Ruan J J. Study on eddy current separation and its engineering application for recovering crushed waste toner cartridges and refrigerator cabinets. Ph. D. Thesis, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, 2012(in Chinese).
阮菊俊. 破碎废弃硒鼓、废旧冰箱箱体的涡流分选及工程应用. 博士学位论文, 上海交通大学, 2012.
36 Huang Z, Lin K, Dong L, et al. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2024, 12(37), 13861.
37 Bi H, Zhu H, Zu L, et al. Waste Management, 2019, 100, 1.
38 Li J, Jiang Y, Xu Z. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 141, 1316.
39 Yi Y, Bin C, Xuemei Z, et al. Powder Technology, 2022, 404, 117449.
40 Bin C, Yi Y, Zhicheng S, et al. Powder Technology, 2022, 410, 117870.
41 Bin C, Yi Y, Abdelkader A, et al. Waste Management, 2024, 182, 299.
42 Shan Z, Yuan Y, Yang L, et al. Journal of Environmental Management, 2025, 375, 124392.
43 Bin C, Yi Y, Yerbol A, et al. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 278, 123531.
44 Shan Z, Yuan Y, Zhou Z, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2024, 214, 108793.
45 Yuan Y, Shan Z, Yan H, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2023, 204, 108406.
46 Chen D L, Liu J X, Guo S H, et al. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2020, 30(6), 1406(in Chinese).
陈大林, 刘剑雄, 郭胜惠, 等. 中国有色金属学报, 2020, 30(6), 1406.
47 Bin C, Yi Y, Yerbol A, et al. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 278, 123531.
48 Yuan Y, Shan Z, Yan H, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2023, 204, 108406.
49 Shan Z, Yuan Y, Zhou Z, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2024, 214, 108793.
50 Jia Y, Liu J, Li Z. Sustainability, 2023, 15(18), 13451.
51 Zhang S, Forssberg E, Arvidson B, et al. Conservation and Recycling, 1998, 23(4), 225.
52 Krowinkel J M, Dalmijn W L. Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials, DOI:10.1002/9781118788073.ch4.
53 Lungu M. International Journal Mineral Process, 2005, 78(1), 22.
54 Lungu M, Schlett Z. International Journal Mineral Process, 2001, 63(4), 207.
55 Schlett Z, Claici F, Mihalca I, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2002, 15(1-2), 111.
56 Meier-Staude R, Schlett Z, Lungu M, et al. Minerals Engineering, 2002, 15(4), 287.
57 Kohnlechner R, Schlett Z, Lungu M, et al. Conservation and Recycling, 2002, 37(1), 55.
58 Rem P, Leest P, Vanden A A. International Journal Mineral Process, 1997, 49(3-4), 193.
59 Zhang S, Rem P, Forssberg E. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 1999, 26(2), 71.
60 Köhnlechner R, Schlett Z, Lungu M, et al. Conservation and Recycling, 2002, 37(1), 55
61 Bedekovic G, Salopek B, Sobota I. Rudarsko-Geolosko-Naftni Zbornik, 2008, 20, 65.
62 Lungu M. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2005, 71, 22
63 Lungu M, Rem P. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2002, 38(3), 1534
64 Zhang S, Forssberg E. Waste Management & Research, 1998, 16(2), 119.
65 Zhang S, Forssberg E, Arvidson B, et al. Conservation and Recycling, 1999, 25(3-4), 215.
66 Brojboiu M, Mandache L, Ivanov V. In: 2013 4th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Galati, Romania, 2013, pp. 1.
67 Fenercioglu A, Barutcu H. In: Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium Piers 2015. Praq, Czech Republic, 2015, pp. 435.
68 Kader M, Razali Z, Yasin N, et al. Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 318, 012055.
69 Zhang S, Peter C, Rem, et al. Physical Separation in Science and Engineering, 1999, 9(4), 233.
70 Ersin Y, Yazici, Haci D, et al. In:Conference on Environment and Mineral Processing. University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, 2015, pp. 27.
71 Subrata R, Vidyadhar A, Jayanta K, et al. Separation Science and Technology, 2012, 47, 1777.
72 Dholu N, Nagel J R, Cohrs D, et al. KONA Powder and Particle Journal, 2017, 34, 241.
73 Lungu M, Neculae A. Separation Science and Technology, 2018, 53(1), 126.
74 Bendimerad S E, Ayad A, Bettache A, et al. Powder Technology, 2024, 448, 120300.
75 Jh P, Ahn D. Separation and Purification Technology, 2025, 359(2), 130407.
[1] 贾有东, 刘剑雄, 李欣治, 姚思博, 李正芳, 曾家兴. 基于红外光图像的报废汽车非磁金属回收利用技术研究[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(20): 24110020-8.
[2] 薛松柏, 王博, 张亮, 龙伟民. 中国近十年绿色焊接技术研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(17): 2813-2830.
[1] WANG Wenjin, WANG Keqiang, YE Shenjie, MIAO Weijun, CHEN Zhongren. Effect of Asymmetric Block Copolymer of PI-b-PB on Phase Morphology and Properties of IR/BR Blends[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(2): 96 -100 .
[2] CHEN Peng, MA Guohong, PING Qiwen. Improved Microstructure and Promoted Mechanical Properties of DE-GMAW Weld Seam of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy by Pre-coating SiC[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(20): 82 -86 .
[3] YANG Junbao, GUO Qiuping, ZHAO Boyuan, JIN Hao, GUO Ce’an, ZHANG Jian. Friction and Wear Performance of W-Ni-Fe-Co Coating Electrospark Deposited on CrNi3MoVA Steel[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(12): 35 -38 .
[4] LIU Ping, ZENG Baoqing, WANG Yaxiong, WANG Jianghao. Transparent Conductive Nanowires Thin Films: Preparation Methods and Applications in Optoelectronic Devices[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(7): 6 -18 .
[5] WU Yihua, HUANG Jing, WU Di, CHEN Zhongzhen, LI Dan,ZHU Zhigang, SHI Weiheng,. Effect of Reaction Time on Morphology and Fluorescence Performance of CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Crystals[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(22): 1 -4 .
[6] WANG Yanjing, LIU Yu, CUI Suping, WANG Zhihong. Research on Carbon Emission and Reduction Potential of Building Ceramics in China[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(22): 3967 -3972 .
[7] ZHANG Mo, WANG Shiyu. Experimental Investigation and Microstructural Analysis of Ambient Temperature Cured Red Mud-Class F Fly Ash Based Geopolymer[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(6): 980 -985 .
[8] JIANG Debin, YUAN Yunsong, WU Junshu, DU Yucheng, WANG Jinshu, ZHANG Yuxin. Advances in Application of Diatomite-based Composites in the Field of Energy and Environment[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(9): 1483 -1489 .
[9] AN Wen, MA Jianzhong, XU Qunna. Research Progress on Functional Casein-based Composites[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(15): 2602 -2609 .
[10] REN Xiuxiu, ZHU Yiju, ZHAO Shengxiang, HAN Zhongxi, YAO Lina. The Relationship Between Micromechanical Property and Friction Property of Four Kinds of Energetic Crystals[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(z1): 448 -452 .
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed