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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (12): 25080008-8    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25080008
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
聚合物电解质调控水系锌离子电池负极枝晶的机理与策略综述
董志轩1,2, 顾宇辰2, 伏建学2, 马汝广2,*, 杨晓刚2,*
1 苏州科技大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏 苏州 215009
2 苏州科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏 苏州 215009
Review on Mechanisms and Strategies of Polymer Electrolytes for Regulating Dendrite-free Zinc Anodes in Aqueous Zinc-ion Batteries
DONG Zhixuan1,2, GU Yuchen2, FU Jianxue2, MA Ruguang2,*, YANG Xiaogang2,*
1 School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
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摘要 水系锌离子电池(ZIBs)由于安全性高、成本低、环境相容性好等优势,在储能领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而,锌负极在反复的沉积-剥离过程中,面临着锌枝晶生长、析氢反应及腐蚀等问题。这导致电池库仑效率降低、循环稳定性变差,极大地限制了ZIBs的进一步发展和实际应用。聚合物电解质(PEs)不仅可以有效地解决上述问题,而且其固有的柔性有助于可穿戴电子设备的发展。本文简要介绍了负极锌枝晶形成的原理,系统总结了近年来PEs抑制锌枝晶的策略,包括界面设计、溶剂化结构重构及力学性能优化等。本文分析了PEs对锌枝晶的抑制机理和最新进展,旨在为读者提供更清晰的认识与启发。最后,本文对ZIBs电解质的实际应用与挑战进行了展望。
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董志轩
顾宇辰
伏建学
马汝广
杨晓刚
关键词:  锌离子电池  锌负极  枝晶  聚合物电解质    
Abstract: Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) hold significant promise for energy storage applications, attributed to their inherent safety, low cost, and superior environmental compatibility. However, zinc anode suffers severe dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and corrosion during repeated plating/stripping processes. These issues result in reduced Coulombic efficiency and diminished cycling stability, ultimately limiting the practical application and further advancement of ZIBs. Polymer electrolytes (PEs) offer a feasible solution not only to effectively alle-viate these challenges but also to facilitate the development of wearable electronics due to their intrinsic flexibility. This review elaborates on the fundamental mechanisms underlying zinc dendrite formation and systematically summarizes recent progress in strategies for dendrite suppression by utilizing PEs, such as interfacial engineering, solvation structure modulation, and mechanical property reinforcement. By clarifying the intrinsic suppression mechanisms and highlighting the state-of-the-art advancements, this review intends to deepen the fundamental understanding and inspire further research endeavors in this field. Finally, prospects and challenges associated with the practical implementation of PEs in ZIBs are critically presented.
Key words:  zinc-ion battery    zinc anode    dendrite    polymer electrolyte
出版日期:  2026-06-25      发布日期:  2026-07-08
ZTFLH:  TM911  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52172058)
通讯作者:  *马汝广,博士,苏州科技大学教授、硕士研究生导师。主要致力于实验与理论模拟相结合揭示电化学储能和电催化关键材料的结构-性能关系,尤其在碳基电催化材料方面取得了一系列成果。ruguangma@usts.edu.cn
杨晓刚,博士,苏州科技大学教授、硕士研究生导师。主要致力于电化学沉积、纳米结构材料、表面修饰以及光电化学器件等方面的研究,尤其是在光电催化方面取得了一系列成果。yangxg@usts.edu.cn   
作者简介:  董志轩,苏州科技大学物理科学与技术学院硕士研究生,在杨晓刚教授和马汝广教授的指导下研究锌离子电池电解质材料。
引用本文:    
董志轩, 顾宇辰, 伏建学, 马汝广, 杨晓刚. 聚合物电解质调控水系锌离子电池负极枝晶的机理与策略综述[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(12): 25080008-8.
DONG Zhixuan, GU Yuchen, FU Jianxue, MA Ruguang, YANG Xiaogang. Review on Mechanisms and Strategies of Polymer Electrolytes for Regulating Dendrite-free Zinc Anodes in Aqueous Zinc-ion Batteries. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(12): 25080008-8.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25080008  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I12/25080008
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