%A ZHANG Mingwei, QU Guanda, PANG Mengyao, LIU Rui, CAO Guanyu, LI Ze, CHEN Zishuai, LIU Jingshun %T Research Progress of Electromagnetic Shielding Mechanism and Coated/Structural Absorbing Composite Materials %0 Journal Article %D 2021 %J Materials Reports %R %P 62-70 %V 35 %N Z1 %U {http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/abstract/article_3960.shtml} %8 %X The increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution was caused by the rapid development of electronic products and communication technology, which not only endangers human health and instrument precision, but also causes information leakage and loss of safety guarantee. Electromagnetic shielding technology is one of the direct and effective prevention and control method, which can prevent the transmission of electromagnetic waves by attenuated or even completely eliminate electromagnetic waves. The mechanism of electromagnetic shielding includes electromagnetic wave reflection and electromagnetic wave absorption. The scientific design and preparation of high-performance absorbing composite materials has become one of the hot issues in research. The results show that the electromagnetic wave attenuation not only requires an excellent electromagnetic loss performance of the absorbing material, but also requires the electromagnetic wave to be able to effectively enter into the absorbing material based on the impedance matching characteristics between the free space and the matrix material, so that the electromagnetic wave can be efficiently absorbed by the absorbing agent. Generally, according to the preparation process, absorbing composites can be divided into coated absorbing composites and structural absorbing composites. The former is fully mixed with absorbing agents, paints, adhesives, etc., and then coated on the surface of the components as absorbing coatings, while the latter is a new type of absorbing composites which uses absorbing agent as the functional carrier, materials with excellent physical and chemical properties as the matrix, and has synergistic or enhanced effect with the functional carrier.
This paper systematically summarizes the electromagnetic shielding theory and the intrinsic characteristics of the wave absorbing materials, and briefly reviews the coated/structural absorbing composite materials based on related theoretical basis, comparing the absorbing properties of different types of absorbing materials, discusses coating/structural absorbing composite materials for the future development of restricting factors and the future development prospect. It provides theoretical support and research ideas for the development of new wave absorbing composites.