| METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Research Progress of the Effect of Pulsed Magnetic Field on the Solidification Process of Alloys |
| ZHANG Lei1,2, XING Zhiguo2, WANG Haidou2,3, GUO Weiling2, LI Guolu1,*, HUANG Yanfei2,*, ZHANG Zhinan4
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1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
2 National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing, Academy of Army Armored Force, Beijing 100072, China
3 National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing, Academy of Army Armored Force, Beijing 100072, China
4 School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China |
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Abstract Since the 1970s when magnetic field technologies were used in alloy solidification processes, several types of magnetic fields such as pulsed, steady, and rotating fields have been developed. Among them, the pulsed magnetic field has attracted considerable research attention owing to its high instantaneous field strength, non-contact nature, and ease of control. The effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the solidification of the alloy is reflected mainly in the changes in grain morphology and grain refinement. The phase structure and composition of the alloy are changed. The macroscopic defects of the alloy improve after solidification.
In the present work, the internal mechanism of the above phenomena has been explored. The forced convection induced by a pulsed magnetic field can continuously tear off the fine grains that cool and cause nucleation in the inner wall of the metal mold during solidification. The field transports the torn off grains to the interior of the melt zone, thus promoting grain refinement and inhibiting grain growth. At the same time, the pulsed magnetic field can reduce the nucleation barrier and improve the nucleation rate. On the one hand, the Joule heating effect caused by the pulsed magnetic field can increase the solidification time and prevent the melt surface from curing too fast. However, the accumulation of Joule heat can also lead to nucleation melting and a decrease in the nucleation rate. There have been a number of reports about the application of pulsed magnetic fields to superalloys, Mg alloys and Al alloys, which have wide application in industry. However, the technology is not mature enough for large-scale industrial application.
In this paper, the application of a pulsed magnetic field to alloy solidification is explored from three angles, namely, the effects of the pulsed magnetic field on the solidification structure of alloys, their underlying dynamic mechanisms, and the application of such magnetic fields in the different alloy solidification processes. Moreover, the relative advantages and disadvantages of this technology, as well as the future prospects are also explained.
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Published: 25 July 2023
Online: 2023-07-24
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| Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China(52275227) and Key Basic Research Project of the Foundation Strengthening Plan (2019-JCJQ-JJ-034, 2019-JCJQ-ZD-302). |
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2023, Vol. 37 
