| INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Anti-Counterfeiting |
| ZHANG Wenbo1,2,3, SHI Jianli4, MA Jianzhong4, WEI Linfeng5, FAN Qianqian4
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1 Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
3 Zhejiang Wenzhou Research Institute of Light Industry, Wenzhou 325003, Zhejiang, China
4 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
5 School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China |
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Abstract Counterfeiting has become an increasingly serious global problem, so anti-counterfeiting technologies are of great significance for social security. The use of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting security ink is an important anti-counterfeiting method. Organic dyes, conjugated polymer dots, semiconductor quantum dots and rare earth doped luminescent nanomaterials are commonly used materials for preparing fluorescent anti-counterfeiting security inks, while these materials show undesirable properties. For example, organic dyes are limited by poor light stability and small Stokes shift; the preparation processes of polymer dots are complicated and expensive. As a new type of carbon-based fluorescent nanomate-rials, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have drawn tremendous attention due to their outstanding properties including low cost, easy preparation, good photostability and low toxicity. Compared with these fluorescent anti-counterfeiting ink materials, CQDs have become one of the most pro-mising luminescent nanomaterials in the field of anti-counterfeiting.
In recent years,there have been some research on carbon quantum dots in anti-counterfeiting applications. The current anti-counterfeiting approaches for CQDs are mainly to make quick-drying fluorescent inks, anti-counterfeiting labels with specific patterns or quick response(QR) codes. CQDs have different emission modes such as fluorescence, up-conversion luminescence and phosphorescence. Therefore, to be better used for security marking in anti-counterfeiting applications, dual-mode or triple-mode emission of CQDs and other difficult-to-replicate methods are adopted, combined with advanced encryption methods such as optical coupling and encoding.
In this review, the classification, optical properties and fluorescence mechanism of CQDs were firstly discussed in detail. Secondly, the synthesis and modification methods of CQDs were briefly introduced. The three common modification methods are surface functionalization, doping, and composite with other materials. Finally, their applications in anti-counterfeiting were reviewed, and the direction of CQDs research in anti-counterfeiting were prospected.
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Published: 10 April 2022
Online: 2022-04-07
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| Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (21908141, 52073164) and Basic Industrial Science and Technology Projects of Wenzhou (G20190008). |
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