METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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Application Status and Prospect of Combined Heat Source Model in Welding Simulation |
XU Zhou1, LI Xiaoyan1, WANG Xiaopeng1, WANG Haidong2
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1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China 2 China Nuclear Industry 23 Construction Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China |
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Abstract Numerical simulation technology can quickly and comprehensively analyze the welding process and is widely used in welding related research. In the welding process, the welding heat input determines the distribution of welding temperature and stress, so its accurate expression plays the most important role in the accuracy of simulation. At present, the description of welding heat input is completed by the heat source model substituted in the simulation. The combined heat source model that includes multiple single heat sources is particularly concerned because of its flexible use. The flexibility of the combined heat source model comes from the fact that it can be a combination of any single heat source model, but this also brings difficulties in composition selection. In theory, the composition of the combined heat source model is infinite, and the advantages of the combined heat source model can be reflected only when the combination heat source model can be accurately determined according to the wel-ding situation. In addition, the parameters of the combined heat source model are added. There are shape parameters that also exist in the single heat source model, and it also includes the energy coefficient of how the total welding energy is distributed in the combined heat source model. How these parameters should be adjusted and determined is a question that must be answered when using the combined heat source model. In different welding situations, researchers have used surface heat source + body heat source, body heat source + body heat source and other various combinations. They can be divided into two categories according to the purpose of using the combined heat source model :(1) the combined heat source model is used to simulate the shape of the molten pool that is difficult to express by the single heat source model; (2) the combined heat source model is used to correspond to different parts of the actual welding heat source. In these works, the application of the combined heat source model improves the accuracy of simulation. In the study of heat source parameter adjustment, the energy distribution coefficient of heat source can be determined by observing the shape of simulated molten pool, experimental measurement and simulation experience. In order to improve the efficiency of heat source shape parameter adjustment, on the basis of trial-and-error method, the emergence of digital image reco-gnition technology and automatic calibration program has strengthened the application of computer technology. In addition, it is also possible to consider reducing the number of shape parameters when designing the heat source model. This paper introduces the composition of the combined heat source model from the shape of the molten pool and the distribution of energy, then summarizes the calibration method of the heat source parameters, and finally, summarizes three application scenarios of the combined heat source model, and points out that the application of computer technology should be strengthened in the model design and parameter adjustment in the future.
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Published: 25 March 2022
Online: 2022-03-21
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