“核-壳-冠”聚合物胶束模板合成无机中空纳米材料的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19030197

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Abstract Inorganic hollow nanomaterials have shown outstanding application potential in catalysis, lithium battery electrode materials, drug delivery and many other fields due to their low density, high surface volume ratio and low thermal expansion coefficient. At present, template method is the most widely used method in the preparation of this kind of materials. Hard template method was used in the early stage. Hard template gene-rally includes metal crystals, silica nanospheres and PS latex nanospheres. However, this method suffered from low product yield due to complex synthesis process and shell weakness upon template remove. In order to overcome these shortcomings, researchers have turned to soft template method. Common soft templates include emulsion droplets, surfactant micelles and block copolymer micelles.
For emulsion and surfactant methods, the morphology and dispersity of the resulting hollow products are usually poor due to the deformability of soft templates. Block copolymer micelles can provide a relatively more rigid scaffold for hollow nanostructures that can afford better size and shape control.Amphiphilic molecules can self-assemble into ordered spherical and other shaped micelles with “core-corona” structure, which are mainly composed of single molecules, AB diblock, ABA triblock copolymers, etc. In these systems, the corona of the micelles acts as a reservoir of the inorganic precursors, and the core acts as a template of the hollow. In this approach, however, the template micelles become very unstable when the precursor is asorbed into the corona, leading to the formation of aggregates. To circumvent these problems, a three-component ABC triblock copolymer is newly developed. ABC triblock copolymer micelles can provide nanoassemblies with more diverse morphological and functional features than AB diblock and ABA triblock copolymers. The precursor of the inorganic material is selectively asorbed into the shell domain, leaving the corona free from the inorganic precursors that would destabilize the micelle. The core, meanwhile, is the template for the formation of the hollow void.
At present, “core-shell-corona” polymer micelles formed by different ABC triblock copolymers, such as PS-PVP-PEO, PS-PVMP-PEO, PS-b-PAA-b-PEO, have successfully been used to prepare hollow silica nanospheres, metal oxide hollow nanospheres, hollow titanium oxide nanosp-heres, and hollow mesoporous silica nanostructures containing metal oxides in their cavities. In the preparation of these inorganic hollow structures, the core region of the polymer micelles mainly serves as a template for the formation of hollow void; the shell region mainly serves as the reaction region for the sol-gel reaction of the inorganic precursor; corona area acts to stabilize the micelles.
This review reports the research progress in the preparation of inorganic hollow nanomaterials using “core-shell-corona” polymer micelles, with respect to the development of polymer micelle templates and the preparation methods of the inorganic hollow nanomaterials with different structures. The applications of inorganic hollow nanomaterials are also discussed, such as the electrode materials, catalysis and drug delivery.

Key words： inorganic hollow nanomaterials “core-shell-corona” polymer micelle hollow silica nanospheres hollow titania nanospheres hollow mesoporous silica nanostructures reactors

Published: 13 May 2020

CLC number:

TQ51

Fund:This work was financially supported by the Zhejiang Technology Application Research Program (2017C37044), Ningbo Joysun Product Testing Service Company Research Program (2019ZS04).

About author:: Youwei Chen received his master's degree in materials physics and chemistry from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2011. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, under the supervision of Prof. Shenghu Zhou. His research has focused on synthesis and application of metal nanomate-rials.
Shenghu Zhou, professor at East China University of Science and Technology, doctoral tutor, and expert of thousands of people in Zhejiang Province. From 2003 to 2007, he received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Maryland, USA. After two-year postdoctoral research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory from the US Department of Energy from 2007 to 2008, he is currently a full professor in East China University of Science and Technology. He is mainly engaged in catalytic reforming of natural gas and synthesis of controllable bimetallic nanoparticles. Preparation and application of nanocatalysts.

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	CHEN Youwei
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Cite this article:

CHEN Youwei,WANG Xiatian,LI Qi, et al. Progress in the Synthesis of Inorganic Hollow Nanomaterials with Core-Shell-Corona Polymer Micelles as Templates[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(11): 11090-11098.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19030197 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I11/11090

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