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| Review of On-line Monitoring Research on Metal Additive Manufacturing Process |
| CHAN Yufei1, CHEN Changjun1,2, ZHANG Min1
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1 Laser Processing Research Center, School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021
2 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 |
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Abstract Metal additive manufacturing technology combines manufacturing technology, optical technology, numerical control technology, sensing technology and other scientific technologies,so it is a multi-disciplinary new manufacturing technology. Compared with traditional reduced mate-rial manufacturing methods, this technology have some advantages that contain wide processing materials, short manufacturing cycle, and less environmental pollution, produce parts with complex structure easily. After decades of development, the technology has been widely used in aerospace, rapid prototyping, biomedical, decorative manufacturing and many other fields. However, the lack of on-line monitoring of parts produced using metal additive manufacturing technology has hindered the further development of this technology in areas requiring high quality and dimensional accuracy of parts, such as medical and aerospace. In response to this problem, on-line monitoring research on the metal additive manufacturing process came into being.
In the metal additive manufacturing process, the quality and dimensional accuracy of the parts are affected by process parameters (such as laser power, powder feeding rate, scanning speed, etc.), external factors (substrate temperature, cooling method), and temperature and size of the molten pool. In a result, these factors have become the main object of on-line monitoring research.Moreover, with the application of gradient functional parts manufactured by AM technology in some fields such as aerospace, it is important to achieve on-line monitoring of the elemental composition and microstructure of the part. The temperature and size monitoring of the molten pool in the past 10 years has been the focus of on-line monitoring research and has achieved fruitful results. In the past three years, in addition to the temperature and size monitoring of the molten pool, there have been some new on-line monitoring studies, such as on-line monitoring of elemental composition and cooling rate. On-line monitoring research has increased the quality and dimensional accuracy of parts while fully utilizing the advantages of metal additive manufacturing technology, and is important for the development and manufacture of functional parts, and expands the application field of this technology.
Regard to on-line monitoring of temperature and size of melt pool, closed-loop control has been implemented. In the closed-loop control system, the measured data is fed back to the controller, and the controller gives the actuator the corresponding action based on the deviation, ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the part quality and dimensional accuracy. Because the new on-line monitoring system has a short research time, only the microstructure on-line monitoring can achieve closed-loop control. The on-line monitoring of composition has not achieved closed-loop control. Therefore, only real-time monitoring of composition can be realized at present.
This paper summarizes the monitoring tools used in the on-line monitoring research of metal additive manufacturing process and its working principle, and introduces on-line monitoring systems such as melt pool temperature and size, element composition and microstructure. We then pay attention to analyze the problems confronting the current on-line monitoring research on metal additive manufacturing process and propose the possible future direction in this field. The prospect of this review is intended to provide a reference for beginners in related research field.
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Published: 23 July 2019
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| Fund:This work was financially supported by the Open Fund for Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (HGAMTL-1701), Jiangsu Province 333 Talent Project (BRA2017098), Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau Key Research and Development Plan (SYG201642), and the Open Fund from State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology (SKLAB02014006). |
About author:: Yufei Chan received her B.E. degree in automation from Anhui University of Science and Technology in 2016. She is currently pursuing her master's degree at the Laser Processing Research Center, School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Soochow University under the supervision of Prof. Changjun Chen. Her research has focused on realtime composition monitoring in laser additive manufacturing process.
Changjun Chen received his B.E. degree in metallurgy from Northeastern University in 2000 and received his Ph.D. degree from the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 2007.From 2007 to 2011, he served as an associate professor and master tutor at the School of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology. From 2013 to 2014, he went to Columbia University for a national mission, he is currently a full professor in Soochow University. His research interests are laser surface fabrication and remanufactu ring of magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, high temperature alloys, aluminum alloys and special purpose steels. |
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2019, Vol. 33 
