A Review on the Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells via Printing Techniques
LI Hengyue, GONG Chendi, HUANG Keqing, YANG Junliang
Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083
Abstract: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention during the past years due to their excellent photovoltaic properties and low-cost solution processing. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been rapidly increased to 22.7% since the first report of 3.8% in 2009, which approaches the levels of commercial polycrystalline silicon solar cells, CdTe solar cells and CIGS solar cells. Spin-coating is commonly used to fabricate PSCs in the labs, but it can’t meet the requirements for large-scale and low-cost process. It is simple to operate the spin-coating process with good repeatability. However, spin-coating still possesses some shortcomings, including serious waste of materials, only producing film without patterns, incapable of continuous fabrication. Therefore, it cannot match with the production of industrialization with large area and high throughout. It is still a big challenge to transfer the fabrication from lab-scale to large-scale industrialization with low cost and high throughout. Printing techniques show many advantages, e.g. high material utilization, low cost, large area, high throughout and matching with flexible substrate, and they have been used to fabricate PSCs. The PCE approaching 20% was achieved in printed, small-area PSCs, and numerous efforts have been made to improve printed large-area PSCs with PCE between 10% and 16%. Furthermore, it has already achieved printed, flexible PSCs with PCE of about 10%. There are still many issues to be solved for accelerating the industrialization. Ⅰ. Solvent engineering and gas-assisted treatment, commonly used in spin-coating process for producing high-quality perovskite films, are not matchable with printing process, resulting in the poor morphology and the low reproducibility in printed perovskite film. Ⅱ. The high-temperature annealing process would restrict the use of flexible substrate and the choice of interfacial materials. Ⅲ. Perovskite materials are sensitive to humidity, and it is necessary to improve their environment adaptability and reduce the cost. Hence, it is very important to optimize printing techniques for fabricating large-area PSCs with high efficiency, high throughout and low cost. In this review, we summarize the research progress on PSCs fabricated via printing techniques, including inkjet-printing, spray-coating, slot-die coating, doctor-blading. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges and prospects of potential commercial PSCs.
李恒月, 龚辰迪, 黄可卿, 阳军亮. 基于印刷技术制备钙钛矿太阳电池[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2018, 32(9): 1385-1400.
LI Hengyue, GONG Chendi, HUANG Keqing, YANG Junliang. A Review on the Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells via Printing Techniques. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(9): 1385-1400.
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2018, Vol. 32 
