Abstract: Steels have found extensive application in the field of marine engineering as one species of essential structural materials, and the continuous mounting support for marine resource utilization exaggerates the demand for steel products. The exposure of steel to harsh marine environment will easily lead to severe corrosion for the sake of the reaction between the steel and the surroun-ding chlorine- and sulfur-containing corrosive medium. Meanwhile, other minus circumstances, such as tides, sunlight, dissolved oxygen, microorganisms, abyssal sea pressure, and hydrothermal fluid-induced high temperature usually aggravate the corrosion of steels. These would seriously affect service safety, lifespan and reliability of marine engineering facilities. Therefore, aiming at improving the corrosion resistance of steel, researchers and engineers have paid much interest to the surface treatment techniques exemplified by coating preparation. Aluminum and its alloys can form a dense oxide film on the surface in corrosive and high-temperature oxidation environment. Aluminum coatings prepared on steel surfaces through different processes have been proved to have long-term corrosion protection efficacy. Currently, the common methods for preparing aluminum coatings include hot dipping, electroplating, embedding aluminizing, thermal spraying, etc. Owing to its simple operation and low cost, hot dip aluminizing process has been widely used in marine infrastructures, e.g. marine platforms, wharfs, bridges. Electroplating technique enjoys the advantage of controllable coating thickness, microstructure and morphology by moderate preparation conditions and adjustable process parameters, and has successfully achieved precise deposition of aluminum coatings on tiny parts. Furthermore, the newly emerging green and eco-friendly ionic liquid systems facilitate the improvement of electroplating efficiency and coating quality while reducing the pollution to environment. Aluminum coatings prepared by powder embedding process have excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, which are widely used in marine oil and gas field. Moreover, low-temperature embedding aluminizing process can overcome the problem of high-temperature-induced mechanical properties deterioration with respect to traditional aluminizing process. In addition, the development of slurry aluminizing and vapor phase aluminizing has promoted the practical application of the embedding aluminizing process. Thermal spraying techniques, including flame spraying, arc spraying and cold spraying, are the most widely used aluminizing techniques which could obtain high-anti-corrosion protective surface against marine environment. This review provides a vivid description of the research progress with respect to aluminizing process used to prepare aluminum coatings on surface of steels which serve under the marine environment, including hot dipping, electroplating, embedding aluminizing and thermal spraying. It also gives a brief prospective discussion over the potential application and development tendency of these various aluminizing techniques.
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2018, Vol. 32 
