A State-of-the-art Review of Fe-based Amorphous Alloy Coatings Prepared by High-velocity Oxygen Fuel Spray Process
HUANG Fei1, KANG Jiajie1, 2, 3, YUE Wen1, 2, FU Zhiqiang1, 2, ZHU Lina1, 2, WANG Chengbiao1, 2
1 School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083; 2 National International Joint Research Center of Deep Geodrilling Equipment, Beijing 100083; 3 Key Laboratory of Deep Geodrilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083
Abstract: Amorphous alloy features short-range order and long-range disorder of atomic arrangement, no crystal defects like grain boundaries or dislocations, which ensure its superior performance of high strength, excellent corrosion and wear resistant compared to any other crystal materials. Therefore, amorphous alloy turns out to be an innovative metal material with wide application prospects. Nevertheless, the limitations of the glass forming ability and preparation technologies of amorphous alloy systems make it difficult to obtain large-scale bulk structural materials for engineering applications. Aiming at taking full advantage of the excellent pro-perties and expanding the application range of amorphous alloys, extensive research efforts have been put into the preparation of amorphous alloy coatings. The thermal spraying technology represented by high velocity oxygen fuel has become the major method for preparing amorphous alloys, thanks to simple processing technology, low heat input, large range of spray materials, and good wear and corrosion resistance of the prepared coatings. At present, amorphous alloy coatings prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel technology mainly include Fe-based, Ni-based, Mo-based and other systems. Among these amorphous alloy systems, Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings have raised great concern due to their excellent properties and low cost. It has been found that achieving Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings with satisfactory properties requires not only appropriate preparation methods, but also reasonable selection of alloy compositions and optimization of process parameters, which can enhance the excellent properties of the amorphous alloys themselves, and further ensure the better amorphous forming ability, quality and performance of the coatings. At present, the porosity of coatings prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel is usually less than 2%. The modified high velocity air fuel technology is able to reduce the porosity of the coating to less than 0.3%, and make the coatings denser. It will also reduce the damage caused by the corrosion of pores when immersed in the corrosive medium and prolong the service life of the coatings. Besides, with the guidance of deep eutectic law, electron density rule, thermodynamic laws and other empirical rules, the researchers have developed plenty of Fe-based alloy systems, which greatly improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the prepared amorphous alloy coating. For example, Fe40Cu8Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2, the seven-element alloy system, shows excellent wear resistance performance that it presents only 1/4 wear loss of the AISI 1045 steel under the same conditions in the dry friction wear test. The eight-element alloy system Fe63Cr8Mo3.5Ni5P10B4C4Si2.5 exhibits less and smaller corrosion pits compared to 304 stainless steel in the electrochemical corrosion test in 3.5wt% NaCl solution under the same conditions, showing better corrosion resistance performance. In this article, a state-of-the-art review on Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel technology is given. The effects of chemical composition and parameters of spraying processing on the wear and corrosion resistance performance of Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings are summarized. Meanwhile, the research prospects of Fe-based amorphous alloy coating with favorable performance prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel technology are also proposed.
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