Abstract: The excellent properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) derived from the special structure have attracted extensive attentions from researchers at home and abroad. The preparation of CNTs reinforced Cu matrix composites is an effective way to simultaneously achieve high strength and high conductivity of the copper conductor. Nonetheless, the high specific surface energy and poor reaction activity of CNTs have brought about two great challenges during the preparation of the CNTs/Cu composites, namely the agglomeration of CNTs and the poor interfacial bonding of the composites, which hinders the realization of high performance of CNTs/Cu composites. Surface treatment of CNTs can improve the surface structure and reactivity of CNTs, and further achieve a uniform CNTs dispersion and a strong interface bonding in the copper matrix composites, thus enhancing the efficiency of CNTs and high performance CNTs/Cu composites can be obtained. However, surface treatment may degrade the intrinsic properties and reinforcement efficiency of CNTs by damaging their structural integrity. Meanwhile, the impurities introduced by surface treatment may do harm to the electrical and thermal conductivity of the CNTs/Cu composites. As a result, the effects of CNTs surface treatment on both the properties of CNTs and the performance of CNTs/Cu composites should be taken into account seriously. Fortunately, researchers have broken through the key points in the preparation process of CNTs/Cu composites by optimizing the surface treatment process of CNTs in recent years. As a result, the mechanical properties of CNTs/Cu composites have been greatly improved and simultaneously the electrical and thermal conductivity of the CNTs/Cu composites have been achieved. Generally, there are four main methods of the surface treatment of CNTs, including mechanical ball milling, chemical surface modification, surface coating and combined surface treatment. Among them, the traditional mechanical ball milling would greatly damage the structure of CNTs. Chemical surface modification can be divided into covalent surface modification and non-covalent surface modification. The non-covalent surface modification can enhance the dispersion of the CNTs in solution while maintain their intact tubular structure and excellent properties. However, when it is applied to preparing the composites, a large number of organic impurities introduced cannot be completely removed, which limits the properties enhancement of the composites. Covalent surface modification and surface coating are the most commonly used and effective surface treatment methods in the preparation of copper matrix composites. They can improve the reactivity and dispersion performance of CNTs in the matrix, thus forming a strong reaction interface between CNTs and copper matrix. As a result, both the mechanical properties and the conductivity of CNTs/Cu composites would be enhanced. Moreover, a variety of surface treatment methods can be jointly used to take full advantage of each me-thod and obtain a better modification effect. In this article, research and application progress of surface treatment of carbon nanotubes in copper matrix composites are pre-sented based on different surface treatment approaches of CNTs and their effects on the structure and properties of the copper matrix composites, and the future directions regarding to the surface treatment study are proposed.
王婧雯, 张静静, 范同祥. 碳纳米管表面处理及其在铜基复合材料中的应用[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(17): 2932-2939.
WANG Jingwen, ZHANG Jingjing, FAN Tongxiang. Process in Surface Treatment of Carbon Nanotubes and Its Applications to Copper Matrix Composites. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(17): 2932-2939.
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2018, Vol. 32 
